Deck 23: The D-Block Elements

Question 1

Oxides of metals in higher oxidation states tend to be basic.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

Which of the following metals has the smallest atomic radius?

A) W
B) Co
C) Ta
D) Ag
E) V

Answer 2

Co

Question 3

The transition metals exhibit significant horizontal similarities in chemistry.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The metals in the lower right corner of the d-block are often called the _____.

Question 5

The electronic configuration of chromium is _____.

Question 6

Higher oxidation states become more stable across the d-block.

Question 7

The group 3 elements are powerful reductants.

Question 8

The transition metals become more reactive from left to right across a row.

Question 9

Why are the transition metals paramagnetic?

Question 10

Why do the coinage metals exhibit significant noble character?

Question 11

Which of the following elements has the highest electrical conductivity?

A) Sc
B) Au
C) Re
D) Nb
E) Cr

Question 12

Which of the following metals has the largest atomic radius?

A) Y
B) Tc
C) Ru
D) Rh
E) Zr

Question 13

The group 4 transition metals have limited commercial applications.

Question 14

In transition metals, the ns electrons are always lost before the (n-1)d electrons.

Question 15

The transition metals Nb, Tc, and Mo, when arranged in the increasing order of their electrical conductivities follow the order:

A) Nb < Tc < Mo.
B) Nb < Mo < Tc.
C) Mo < Tc < Nb.
D) Tc < Mo < Nb.
E) Mo < Nb < Tc.

Question 16

Which of the following metals has a significant noble character?

A) Titanium
B) Niobium
C) Tantalum
D) Platinum
E) Hafnium

Question 17

The size of neutral atoms of the d-block elements _____ from left to right across a row, with increasing atomic number.

Question 18

The electronic configuration of copper is 4s²3d⁹.

Question 19

The ions Sc³⁺, Mn³⁺, and Cr³⁺ when arranged in the increasing order of their ionic radius, follow the order _____.

A) Sc³⁺ < Mn³⁺ < Cr³⁺
B) Cr³⁺ < Mn³⁺ < Sc³⁺
C) Mn³⁺ < Cr³⁺ < Sc³⁺
D) Cr³⁺ < Sc³⁺ < Mn³⁺
E) Sc³⁺ < Cr³⁺ < Mn³⁺

Question 20

The transition metals are generally characterized by partially filled _____ subshells in the free elements or their cations.

Question 21

Which of the following transition metals can form compounds in multiple oxidation states?

A) Zr
B) Hf
C) V
D) Nb
E) Ta

Question 22

Explain the process of extraction of iron from its ore in a blast furnace.

Question 23

Which of the following transition metals is most likely to form compounds in the +6 oxidation state?

A) Ti
B) Cr
C) Tc
D) Os
E) Co

Question 24

What are the commercial applications of group 4 transition metals?

Question 25

_____ is a group 5 element that has a tendency to form ions in the lower oxidation states.

A) Hf
B) Nb
C) Ta
D) V
E) Ti

Question 26

The most important oxidation state for group 12 is _____.

Question 27

Most transition metals are found in nature as free metals.

Question 28

The elements of group _____ are almost always found in combination with sulphur.

A) 3
B) 4
C) 5
D) 12
E) 8

Question 29

Explain the process of flotation used to separate metals from their ores.

Question 30

_____ is a group 4 element that is often used as a replacement for aluminium in applications that require high temperatures and corrosion resistance.

Question 31

Pyrometallurgy employs chemical or electrochemical reduction of an aqueous solution of the metal.

Question 32

Which of the following is most likely to form stable compounds in +4 oxidation state?

A) La
B) Ac
C) Zr
D) Nb
E) Fe

Question 33

The maximum oxidation state of Molybdenum is _____.

A) +5
B) +6
C) +2
D) +4
E) +3

Question 34

The elements of group 11 have the highest electrical and thermal conductivities.

Question 35

The group 5 metals are normally found in nature as _____.

Question 36

The most common oxidation state for cadmium is _____.

A) +6
B) +4
C) +5
D) +3
E) +2

Question 37

The valence electron configuration of lanthanum is _____.

A) 5s²4d¹
B) 6s²5d¹
C) 7s²6d¹
D) 5s²4d²
E) 6s²5d²

Question 38

Which of the following elements is highly electropositive and a powerful reductant?

A) Cadmium
B) Chromium
C) Tungsten
D) Yttrium
E) Osmium

Question 39

Panning is a technique in which the compound of interest is made to float on top of a solution.

Question 40

The ground state electron configuration for Au³⁺ is _____.

A) 4f¹⁴5d¹⁰
B) 4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s¹
C) 4f¹⁴5d⁹6s¹
D) 4f⁸5d¹⁰
E) 4f¹⁴5d⁸

Question 41

An isomer in which three ligands occupy opposite triangular faces of an octahedron is called a _____ isomer.

A) mer
B) optical
C) cis
D) fac
E) trans

Question 42

_____ is a set of processes by which metals are extracted from their ores and converted to more useful forms.

Question 43

The coordination number 2 is most common for the metal ion _____.

A) Zn²⁺
B) Rh⁺
C) Pd²⁺
D) Ag⁺
E) Fe²⁺

Question 44

A _____ isomer is a type of isomer in which the ligands or the substituents are adjacent to one another in a rigid molecule or a metal complex.

A) cis
B) trans
C) structural
D) fac
E) mer

Question 45

A(n) _____ is a chemical compound composed of a central metal atom or ion bonded to one or more ligands.

Question 46

_____ are ionic species formed between a central metal ion and one or more surrounding ligands because of a Lewis acid-base interaction.

Question 47

A chemical compound with one or more metal complexes is called a(n) _____.

Question 48

An ion or a molecule that contains one or more pair of electrons that can be shared with the central metal in a metal complex is called a(n) _____.

A) isomer
B) radical
C) ligand
D) adduct
E) coordination compound

Question 49

Soft acids are relatively less polarizable than Hard acids.

Question 50

A type of isomer in which the ligands or the substituents are directly across from each other in a rigid molecule or a metal complex is called a _____ isomer.

A) mer
B) trans
C) structural
D) fac
E) cis

Question 51

Which of the following is a Hard base?

A) H^-
B) OH^-
C) CN^-
D) SCN^-
E) I^-

Question 52

Which of the following is a Hard acid?

A) Cu⁺
B) Pd²⁺
C) Cr³⁺
D) Ag⁺
E) Hg²⁺

Question 53

The interaction between soft metals and soft bases is electrostatic in nature.

Question 54

The processes of settling and flotation used to separate the compound of interest are based on the differences in _____ between the desired compound and impurities.

Question 55

Differentiate between Hard acids and soft acids.

Question 56

Geometrical isomers differ only in the arrangement of ligands around the metal ion.

Question 57

Compounds with low coordination numbers exhibit the greatest differences in energy between different arrangements of ligands.

Question 58

_____ is a process employed to separate and concentrate the metal which uses chemical reduction at high temperatures.

Question 59

Which of the following is a soft base?

A) NH₃
B) RNH₂
C) H₂O
D) CO
E) ROH

Question 60

Which of the following complexes is not likely to exist?

A) Mn₂O₇
B) CrF₆
C) MnF₆
D) [Ti(H₂O)₆]³⁺
E) [Cr(H₂O)₆]²⁺

Question 61

The _____ is an ordering of ligands by their crystal field splitting energies.

Question 62

What are the factors that affect the magnitude of crystal field splitting energy (∆_o) of metal complexes?

Question 63

Which of the following complexes will have a square planar structure?

A) [Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺
B) [PtCl₄]²⁻
C) [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻
D) [RhCl₆]³⁻
E) [CoF₆]³⁻

Question 64

Which of the following is a high-spin complex?

A) [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻
B) [CoF₆]³⁻
C) [Co(NH₃)₆]³⁺
D) [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻
E) [Rh(CO)₂Cl₂]⁻

Question 65

_____ is a bonding model that explains the properties of transition-metal complexes including their colors, magnetism, structures, stability and reactivity.

Question 66

Which of the following complexes will have an octahedral structure?

A) [CoCl₄]²⁻
B) [CoF₆]³⁻
C) [PtCl₄]²⁻
D) [CoBr₄]²⁻
E) VCl₄

Question 67

According to the Jahn-Teller theorem, the distorted system is less stable than the undistorted one.

Question 68

According to the crystal field theory, the metal-ligand interactions are purely electrostatic in nature.

Question 69

Proteins that bind tightly to Fe(III) can be used as antibacterial agents.

Question 70

Hemocyanin contains a metal-porphyrin complex.

Question 71

The additional stabilization of a metal complex by selective population of the lower-energy d orbitals is called its _____.

A) stabilized pairing energy
B) crystal field stabilization energy
C) hydration energy
D) crystal field splitting energy
E) lattice stabilization energy

Question 72

State the Jahn-Teller theorem.

Question 73

Two or more compounds with the same molecular formula but different arrangements of their atoms are called _____.

Question 74

Which of the following is a low-spin complex?

A) [Ni(CN)₄]²⁻
B) [Mn(H₂O)₆]²⁺
C) [CoF₆]³⁻
D) [NiCl₄]²⁻
E) [CoI₄]²

Question 75

Only one arrangement of d electrons is possible for metal ions with d⁷ configuration.

Question 76

The function of electron-transfer proteins is to catalyze a chemical reaction.

Question 77

Which of the following is a tetrahedral complex?

A) [Fe(CN)₆]³⁻
B) [CoCl₄]²⁻
C) [CoF₆]³⁻
D) [MnCl₆]⁴⁻
E) [RhCl₆]³⁻

Question 78

The difference in energy between the two sets of d orbitals is called the _____ energy.

A) crystal field stabilization
B) hydration
C) crystal field splitting
D) spin pairing
E) lattice

Question 79

An octahedral complex with a high-spin configuration is called a(n) _____.

Question 80

If ∆_o is less than the spin pairing energy, a low-spin configuration results.