Deck 7: Semantic Memory and Stored Knowledge

Question 1

Patients with semantic dementia generally have great difficulty doing which of the following?
(A)Tracking moving objects
(B)Episodic recall
(C)Recollection of the context in which events occurred
(D)Retrieving recent autobiographical memories
(E)Accessing information about concepts

Answer 1

E

Question 2

Collins and Loftus (1975)devised which theory of semantic memory?
(A)Herarchical network model
(B)Spreading activation model
(C)Dual-route model
(D)Modal model
(E)Tripartite model

Answer 2

B

Question 3

Barsalou (2009, 2012)argued in his situated simulation theory that which of the following theoretical assumptions was incorrect?
(A)All of these
(B)Concept representations are abstract in nature
(C)Concept representations are detached from input and output processes
(D)Concept representations are stable
(E)Different people have fairly similar representations for a given concept

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Semantic dementia is most associated with damage to the:
(A)Ventral frontal lobe
(B)Posterior occipital lobe
(C)Dorsal frontal lobe
(D)Anterior frontal temporal lobes
(E)Medial temporal lobe

Question 5

Major concepts are thought to be represented as which of the following in most semantic networks?
(A)Constructs
(B)Models
(C)Nodes
(D)Schemas
(E)Neural networks

Question 6

Rosch and Mervis (1975)observed that which variable could confound support for the hierarchical model?
(A)Typicality
(B)Familiarity
(C)Imageability
(D)Age of acquisition
(E)Word length

Question 7

Spiers, Maguire, and Burgess (2001)observed that which form of memory was most robust to damage in the 147 cases of amnesia they reviewed?
(A)Visual short-term memory
(B)Episodic
(C)Semantic
(D)Verbal short-term memory
(E)Phonological

Question 8

What term is used to describe amnesia for information learned prior to the onset of amnesia?
(A)Endogenous
(B)Anterograde
(C)Retroactive
(D)Proactive
(E)Retrograde

Question 9

Which of these best defines semantic memory?
(A)Memory with a strong recollective component
(B)Memory of specific events located at a specific point in time
(C)Memory for how to perform a certain task
(D)Memory consisting of generalized knowledge about the world
(E)Memory that cannot be stated explicitly

Question 10

Meyer and Schvaneveldt (1976)reported what effect of related words on subsequent word completions?
(A)Interference
(B)Phonological priming
(C)Inhibition
(D)Masking
(E)Semantic priming

Question 11

There is growing evidence that semantic information is organized in which format within the brain?
(A)Distributed
(B)Localized
(C)Centralized
(D)Solely within the visual cortex
(E)As intact representations

Question 12

The spokes in a hub-and-spoke model represent _______ areas in which sensory and motor processing occur.
(A)Modality-independent
(B)Modality-specific
(C)Cross-modality
(D)Integration
(E)Cognitive control

Question 13

Rosch et al. would say that "chair" represents a _____ category, whereas an "rocking chair" represents a _______ category.
(A)Subordinate; basic-level
(B)Basic-level; superordinate
(C)Basic-level; subordinate
(D)Foundational; stratified
(E)Stratified; locomotive

Question 14

According to Wheeler, Stuss, and Tulving (1997), semantic knowledge is _____ whereas episodic memory is self-knowing.
(A)Self-knowing
(B)Knowing-awareness
(C)Categorical
(D)Structured
(E)Universal

Question 15

The Deese-Roediger-McDermott paradigm is typically thought of as providing support for which of the following models?
(A)The dual-route model
(B)The hierarchical network model
(C)Spreading activation
(D)The modal model
(E)The primacy model

Question 16

Collins and Quillian (1969)devised which model of semantic memory?
(A)Multi-store model
(B)Spreading activation model
(C)Dual-route model
(D)Hierarchical network model
(E)Tripartite model

Question 17

Loftus and Suppes (1972)provided evidence that participants found it easier to activate a set of items that is:
(A)Organized alphabetically
(B)Large and diffuse
(C)Distributed and fuzzy
(D)Interrelated and unwieldy
(E)Coherent and manageable

Question 18

Conrad (1972)observed that _____ is more important for true/false decisions than is hierarchical distance.
(A)Imageability
(B)Resonance
(C)Familiarity
(D)Orthography
(E)Feedback

Question 19

According to the text, which of the following was NOT listed by Cree and McRae (2003)as one of the most impaired features/properties following brain damage?
(A)Smell
(B)Color
(C)Function
(D)Estimated age
(E)Visual Motion

Question 20

Asking advanced students with a deep background in physics to name a famous physicist whose name begins with a particular letter would likely yield:
(A)Faster responses when the category (physicist)was provided before the letter cue
(B)Faster responses when the letter cue was provided before the category (physicist)
(C)No differences based on whether the letter cue or category (physicist)were presented first
(D)Less spreading activation compared to novices
(E)A larger mere exposure effect when given the letter cue first

Question 21

Frames are responsible for processing which form of information?
(A)Knowledge about some aspect of the world containing fixed structural information and slots
(B)Knowledge about events and their consequences
(C)Binary code
(D)Action potentials
(E)Episodic information

Question 22

Scripts are responsible for processing which form of information?
(A)Knowledge about events and their consequences
(B)Knowledge about some aspect of the world containing fixed structural information and slots
(C)Binary code
(D)Action potentials
(E)Episodic information

Question 23

Sirigu et al. (1995)found that ______ patients had particular problems when they needed to assemble actions within a script into the optimal sequence.
(A)Split-brain
(B)Occipital
(C)Bilateral
(D)Prefrontal
(E)Limbic

Question 24

Pobric et al. (2010)applied TMS to the inferior parietal lobule, which is assumed to be involved in processing information related to:
(A)Semantic knowledge related to abstract concepts
(B)Actions we can make towards objects
(C)Mathematical reasoning
(D)Perceiving sounds
(E)Producing coherent speech

Question 25

According to work by Macrae and Bodenhausen (2000), use of stereotypes is known, in certain situations, to:
(A)Be very misleading
(B)Reduce cognitive demand
(C)Prevent cognitive overload
(D)Form an impression of a person
(E)All of these