Deck 7: Architecture and Infrastructure

Question 1

Which of the following is the architecture where significant hardware, software, and possibly even data elements reside on the Internet?

A) Internet-oriented architecture
B) TCP/IP architecture
C) Web or Cloud-based architecture
D) Mobile architecture
E) Centralized architecture

Answer 1

C

Question 2

Which of the following best describes cloud computing?

A) Virtual desktop computing
B) Lightweight software that takes up little storage space
C) Computing services that can be accessed on demand across the Internet
D) The World Wide Web
E) Mobile-based social IT

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Google Maps is a web mapping service that provides street maps and directions. A Google Maps component can be added to a business's web site to provide customers directions to the business location. This use of Google's service by a business is an example of __________.

A) Centralized architecture
B) Decentralized architecture
C) Service-oriented architecture
D) Internet-based architecture
E) Enterprise architecture

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Understanding the life span of the IT infrastructure and architecture is called:

A) IT life cycle
B) Strategic timeframe
C) Architecture life cycle
D) IT life span
E) System timeframe

Question 5

"Reuse" is a benefit of service-oriented architecture because it supports:

A) Using sensitive data again and again
B) The breaking apart of functionality into small services that can be used by many different systems
C) Access to servers from many locations.
D) The selection of a specific computing device by each employee.
E) Reliable capacity-on-demand

Question 6

Mohawk's need for flexibility required a change to its IT architecture. SOA was chosen by Mohawk because Mohawk:

A) Needed to be able to scale up or down operations as called for by the market or by its own arrangements with suppliers
B) Wanted to eliminate the dependency on its ERP system.
C) Needed to upgrade its infrastructure components to meet the increased IT demands.
D) Believed that SOA provides the appropriate level of security it did not have with its original architecture.
E) Benefited from standardizing on the SAP suite of products and reducing its reliance on multiple vendors.

Question 7

Marketing has repeatedly asked the IT department about the possibility of aligning the new marketing plan with the company's web site. They would like the new web site to be able to support more active content and permit customers to query an online catalog. You let them know that this is currently being considered and that you're determining if this new business strategy can be translated into a viable plan of action. This would be part of which of the following?

A) IT architecture
B) IT infrastructure
C) System architecture
D) Server upgrade program
E) IT strategy

Question 8

The type of software used in SOA architecture is often referred to as what?

A) Services-oriented architecture
B) Software-as-a-service
C) Systems software
D) Software-as-an-architecture
E) System-as-a-service

Question 9

Mary from sales is asking about the plan to implement Salesforce.com's application. You explain to her that you are in the process of getting technical specifications and pricing so that you can move forward with the rollout. This would be part of which of the following plans?

A) IT architecture
B) IT infrastructure
C) System architecture
D) Server upgrade program
E) IT strategy

Question 10

The architecture that the large paper company Mohawk adopted enables the company to scale technology services up and down instantaneously according to its needs. The architecture is called:

A) Centralized
B) Decentralized
C) Service-oriented
D) Internet-based
E) Mainframe

Question 11

Which of the following architecture types is the one where larger software programs are broken down into services, which are then connected to each other, in a process called orchestration?

A) SOA
B) ERP
C) SAP
D) ISP
E) OSP

Question 12

The layers of enterprise architecture are: business, application, information, and:

A) Enterprise software
B) A centralized architecture
C) IT systems
D) Technology
E) A framework

Question 13

The IT infrastructure components should be evaluated based on their expected financial value. All of the following are used to quantify the financial value of IT components EXCEPT for the:

A) Usability
B) Risks
C) Benefits
D) Costs
E) Maintenance

Question 14

Which type of computer/IT architecture is limited to a central computer system?

A) Mainframe
B) Web-services
C) Peer-to-peer
D) Wireless
E) Server-to-server

Question 15

A small company in Des Moines wants to set up an IT infrastructure for its workforce. The company recently moved to an older building that has solid walls and ceilings. Furthermore, most of the staff likes the flexibility of moving around the open office space to perform work on their laptops. Which communication infrastructure makes most sense for this company?

A) Mainframe
B) Web-services
C) Peer-to-peer
D) Wireless
E) Server-to-server

Question 16

All of the following are robust platforms EXCEPT:

A) iPhone IOS 12
B) Android 10
C) Windows 10
D) MS Office 2019
E) Mac OS Mojave

Question 17

Which of the following provides a blueprint for translating a business strategy into a plan for IS?

A) IS infrastructure
B) IS architecture
C) ERP systems
D) Centralized architecture
E) SOA

Question 18

A manager must know enough about the IT architecture and IT infrastructure so that he or she can:

A) Select the correct wireless provider.
B) Make realistic use of IT and know what to expect from IT.
C) Choose the appropriate IT infrastructure components.
D) Limit future business options.
E) Ensure a rigid IT structure.

Question 19

Which architecture is a complex framework the main objective of which is to map how the organization's IT supports the business processes?

A) Centralized architecture
B) Decentralized architecture
C) Service-oriented architecture
D) Web-based architecture
E) Enterprise architecture

Question 20

A computer's hardware and ____________ specify its platform.

A) system software
B) software applications
C) cloud-based applications
D) storage
E) mobility

Question 21

All of the following relate to securing assets EXCEPT:

A) Access to networks
B) Access to end-user devices
C) How third-party vendors ensure security
D) The ease with which the system runs after a failure is corrected
E) Access to servers

Question 22

Which of the following frameworks provides a common approach for organizations to integrate strategic, business and technology management of their information systems?

A) Gartner
B) Federal Enterprise Architecture flexibility
C) TOGAF
D) Virtualization
E) Zachman

Question 23

Using a cloud service from Amazon.com, the New York Times was able to:

A) Establish a strong social media presence.
B) Virtualize its mobile application.
C) Quickly digitize old articles without needing to purchase additional infrastructure components.
D) Build a web-based application to search past articles for keywords
E) Standardize its virtualization infrastructure.

Question 24

Which of the following is an example of when a software-defined architecture is most appropriate?

A) A firm can't make the decision and wants software to do it
B) Resources need to be re-allocated dynamically depending on the situation or time of day
C) Sales are expected to be very high
D) Sales are expected to be very low
E) BYOD is discouraged in a firm

Question 25

The primary reason to base an organization's architecture on its strategic goals is to prepare for inevitable ______ in the future.

Question 26

A legacy system is all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Usually found on a mainframe
B) A system that is already in place, from the past
C) A system that often holds the middle tier of a multiple-tier system.
D) Old systems that often require hard-to-use command languages
E) Systems that most often have detailed information that can be accessed by a system at a higher tier.

Question 27

The idea of concurrently designing IT and business processes is out of the question. Instead, IT should be aligned with existing business processes.

Question 28

Risks associated with cloud computing include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) Increased dependency on third-party suppliers
B) Security
C) Lack of standards for virtual infrastructures
D) Retooling existing applications to move to the cloud
E) Scalability

Question 29

The functional specifications such as hardware, software and storage specifications are all part of the __________________.

Question 30

An enterprise architecture is a complex framework for establishing an IT architecture and infrastructure by defining how IT supports the business processes of the firm.

Question 31

The__________________ is the physical location where a company will run and manage centralized computing needs such as servers and mainframe computers.

Question 32

Rigid architectures and organizational models are known to hamper the agility needed to grow a business it today's hypercompetitive environment. A traditional____________ IT architectures is considered to be "rigid."

Question 33

An IT architecture with a high level of flexibility and agility will be in a position to support changing business needs.

Question 34

There are very few mainframe computers still in operation today.

Question 35

Once a IT architecture is decided upon, a manager should leave the design process up to the IT professionals.

Question 36

It is predicted that cloud computing utilization will decrease over time.

Question 37

All of the following are reasons why a company may choose to use cloud computing for its IT infrastructure EXCEPT:

A) Cost savings
B) Speed to provision additional capacity
C) Reduce dependency on third-party suppliers
D) Consolidation of servers and even the elimination of a data center
E) Reduce server maintenance costs

Question 38

Platforms and__________________ are sometimes described and the technology behind architectures and infrastructures.

Question 39

Consumerization of IT is growing at a phenomenal rate because employees and ___________ want to use their own devices to access a company's IS.

Question 40

Hypercompetition implies that any architecture must be designed with maximum scalability and _____________ to ensure it can handle the imminent business changes.

A) modularity
B) speed
C) flexibility
D) sustainability
E) availability

Question 41

Architectural principles are applied to the design of an IT architecture. Match the architectural principle below to a question that would be asked to define that principle for a given company.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { Buy over build } & \begin{array} { l } \text { Is there a vendor who provides the application needed } \\\text { or will it need to be developed? }\end{array} \\\hline \text { Flexibility and agility } & \begin{array} { l } \text { Will the system support future changes in the } \\\text { business? }\end{array} \\\hline \text { Data security } & \text { Is the data protected against wrwarnted hackers? } \\\hline \text { Speed and quality } & \begin{array} { l } \text { Can the application be completed successfully and in } \\\text { the timeframe desired? }\end{array} \\\hline \text { Irnovative } & \text { Carn the IT support newer technologies? } \\\hline\end{array}$$

Question 42

Match the term to the right that best describes the IT architecture on the left.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { Centralized Architecture } & \text { Mainfrarne } \\\hline \text { Decentralized Architecture } & \text { Server-based } \\\hline \text { Service Oriented Architecture } & \text { Web-based } \\\hline\end{array}$$

Question 43

Match each term below with its definition.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { Capacity-on-demand } & \begin{array} { l } \text { The availability to quickly acquire } \\\text { additional computing services when } \\\text { necessary and reduce services when not } \\\text { needed }\end{array} \\\hline \text { Consumerization of IT } & \begin{array} { l } \text { The drive to port applications to } \\\text { personal devices like smartphones and } \\\text { tablets. }\end{array} \\\hline \text { BYOD } & \begin{array} { l } \text { The desire employees have to connect } \\\text { their personal devices to corporate } \\\text { enterprise systerns. }\end{array} \\\hline\end{array}$$

Question 44

Why must an organization's IT architecture be based on an organization's strategic goals?

Question 45

As a small, newly formed organization, which IT architecture do you think you would choose and why?

Question 46

A platform refers to the hardware and ______________ on which application software run.

Question 47

Why would an organization use cloud computing for its IT infrastructure needs?

Question 48

Software-as-a-service (SaaS) applications that are delivered over the Internet are often referred as __________________.

Question 49

Match the IT architecture choice with the term for which it is often associated.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { Cloud computing } & \text { Virtualization } \\\hline \text { SOA } & \text { Saas } \\\hline \text { Centralized architecture } & \text { Mainframe } \\\hline \text { Enterprise architecture } & \text { TOGAF } \\\hline\end{array}$$

Question 50

Explain how cloud computing services benefit from virtualization.

Question 51

Match each software product below to its classification as either system software or an application.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { System software } & \text { Microsoft Windows } \\\hline \text { Systern software } & \text { iPhone's iOS } \\\hline \text { Application } & \text { Microsoft Excel } \\\hline \text { Application } & \text { SAP R/3 } \\\hline \text { Application } & \text { LinkedIn } \\\hline\end{array}$$

Question 52

Designing an IT infrastructure requires an understanding of technical issues. Match the technical issue below with the questions that will be asked about it.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { Adaptability } & \text { Carn the infrastructure adjust to ennerging technologies? } \\\hline \text { Scalability } & \begin{array} { l } \text { Is the architecture able to easily increase or decrease } \\\text { capacity as demand changes? }\end{array} \\\hline \text { Security } & \begin{array} { l } \text { Are the right mecharisms in place to protect the } \\\text { infrastrueture assets? }\end{array} \\\hline \text { Maintainability } & \begin{array} { l } \text { Carn the infrastructure over time be supported with needed } \\\text { platforms, parts, and software? }\end{array} \\\hline\end{array}$$

Question 53

__________________is the electronic representation of numbers and text.

Question 54

Match the IT architecture with the quality that best identifies it.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \text { Centralized Architecture } & \text { Easiest to secure } \\\hline \text { Decentralized Architecture } & \text { Very scalable } \\\hline \text { Service Oriented Architecture } & \begin{array} { l } \text { Provides a high degree of } \\\text { agility }\end{array} \\\hline\end{array}$$

Question 55

Explain what cloud service the New York Times successfully utilized and the benefit this solution provided.

Question 56

When determining the IT architecture and its appropriate IT infrastructure, a manager may seek answers to the questions listed below. Match the question with the IT component it helps to select.
$$\begin{array} { | l | l | } \hline \begin{array} { l } \text { Should our employees get a desktop computer, a laptop } \\\text { or a tablet device? }\end{array} & \text { Hardware } \\\hline \begin{array} { l } \text { Shall we implement Salesforce com or Oracle CRM On } \\\text { Demard? }\end{array} & \text { Software } \\\hline \begin{array} { l } \text { Carn we purchase a standard ERP package or do we need } \\\text { to write our own application? }\end{array} & \text { Software } \\\hline \text { Who will provide us wireless capabilities? } & \text { Network } \\\hline \begin{array} { l } \text { Will our critical business infornation be backed up orl- } \\\text { site or done remotely over the Intemet? }\end{array} & \text { Data } \\\hline\end{array}$$

Question 57

An organization should translate its 1. _________ into a(n) 2._____________ and then translate the later into the 3. ______________.