Deck 11: Building Solutions: Database, System, and Application Development Tools

Question 1

Answer 1

There are the following matched definitions corresponding to the given terms:
1. Field is a smallest unit in database. It is a group of one or more characters. Each field has its unique name which uniquely identifies it from other fields. Each field has its associated data type which specifies the type of data it can store.
Therefore, the term " Field " matches with the definition (e).
2. Each field has its associated data type which specifies the type of data it can store. For example if any field has integer data type then it can only stores number.
Therefore, the term " Data Type " matches with the definition (h).
3. A primary key is defined in record which is nothing but a specific field in record which is used to identify any specific record. For example an Employee id is defined a primary key to uniquely identify any employee.
Therefore, the term " Primary Key " matches with the definition (c).
4. File maintenance include all the things which keeps the data up to date. The various task include in file maintenance are adding, modifying and deleting records.
Therefore, the term " File maintenance " matches with the definition (a).
5. Validation is a process to check value entered by user is correct or not with the help of predefined values or rules. Most of database management system (DBMS) has validation property to ensure that user entered value is correct or not.
Therefore, the term " Validation " matches with the definition (d).
6. Query is a request done by user for any particular data from database is called as query. A user is also allowed to instruct DBMS to print, display or store the query result. This is the most powerful feature of database which allow user for querying the database.
Therefore, the term " Query " matches with the definition (j).
7. A data model defines the set of rules which states how to maintain data in database. It states how organization of data is display to user. It does not state how actually the operating system stored data in storage medium.
Therefore, the term " data model " matches with the definition (b).
8. An object is used to store data in object oriented database. Each object has data and method which are used to process data. For example a student objects store student_ID, Name, Fee, address and many more things. It also store method which states how to display data on screen or to calculate grade of the students.
Therefore, the term " Object " matches with the definition (i).
9. Data warehouse is a large database which is used to store data which is required to examine the past as well as current transaction. With the help of data warehouse a user can summarize the transaction very efficiently and quickly. Many credit card organization uses data warehouse to manage the credit card details of customer.
Therefore, the term " Data warehouse " matches with the definition (g).
10. The big data states the incredible data growth, the various format in which data is available and processing this data to make it available in timely manner.
Therefore, the term " Big Data " matches with the definition (f).
The overall summary for the matching terms with their corresponding definitions is following:

Question 2

_____ check tests data in two or more associated fields to ensure that the relationship is logical and their data is in the correct format.

A) completeness c. range
B) consistency d. alphabetic

Answer 2

Validation
It is process to check value entered by user is correct or not with the help of predefined values or rules. Most of database management system (DBMS) has validation property to ensure that user entered value is correct or not.
A Consistency check is a type of validity check which is used to checks the value of any field related to another field. It is used to check that value in two associated field should be logically correct or not.
For example in employment registration form the date of completing the graduation must not be smaller than date of birth.
Hence, the correct option is b.
Completeness check ensures that there should be some value in field. This check is used when database administration wants do not left blank any specific field.
Hence option 'a' is not correct.
Range check ensures that value of field must be in range if user enters value outside the range then it shows error message.
Hence option 'c' is not correct.
Alphabetic check ensures that user can only insert alphabets in field, if user enters any other character rather than alphabets then it shows error message.
Hence option 'd' is not correct.

Question 3

What is function creep? If you use a browser, what are some techniques you can use to protect your data?

Answer 3

Function creep
Function creep happens when technology used by company for another. Example when a company sells the customers data, which it is collected by sales of credit card to other company which makes survey and generates credit card report.
Techniques for protecting data
Techniques used to protect data are as follow:
• A browser gives flexibility to user to limit the data tracking from the browser setting.
• Read all the privacy policy before buying anything from online store.
• Before signup to any social networking sites read the privacy policy more carefully whether they sell data to any other company or not.

Question 4

Define these terms: database, data, and database software.

Question 5

The more errors data contains, the higher its integrity.

Question 6

Which of the following is not an advantage of a database approach?

A) improved data integrity
B) reduced data redundancy
C) shared data
D) requires less memory, storage, and processing power than file processing systems

Question 7

List reasons for backing up a database. List some ways to back up a database.

Question 8

Explain the importance of data integrity. GIGO stands for ______.

Question 9

In a data hierarchy, each higher level of data contains one or more items from the lower level.

Question 10

A _____ contains data about each file in the database and each field in those files.

A) query c. data dictionary
B) form d. data mart

Question 11

What are the responsibilities of database analysts and administrators? How do their jobs differ?

Question 12

List steps that you should take if you experience identity theft.

Question 13

A field size determines the maximum number of characters a field can contain.

Question 14

A developer of a relational database refers to a file as a _____.

A) dictionary c. tuple
B) relation d. record

Question 15

What is database design? In designing a database, what must the database analyst or administrator identify?

Question 16

Identify characteristics of data that contribute to its value.

Question 17

Validity checks reduce data entry errors and thus enhance the data's integrity.

Question 18

_____ database stores data in objects.

A) object-oriented c. relational
B) multidimensional d. distributed

Question 19

What is a decision support system? What is an expert system?

Question 20

Identify the role of a file, record, and field in the hierarchy of data in a database.

Question 21

A check digit often confirms the accuracy of a primary key value.

Question 22

With _____, the computer processes each transaction as it is entered.

A) batch processing
B) online transaction processing
C) data mining
D) query by example

Question 23

In the ASCII coding scheme, each byte represents a single ______.

Question 24

File processing systems require more memory, storage, and processing power than a database.

Question 25

A(n) _____ report usually lists just transactions.

A) detailed
B) summary
C) exception
D) criteria

Question 26

Define these terms: field, field name, and data type. List common data types.

Question 27

In a rollforward, the DBMS uses the log to undo any changes made to the database during a certain period.

Question 28

In an expert system, the _____ is the combined subject knowledge and experiences of the human experts.

A) inference rule(s)
B) external source
C) internal source
D) knowledge base

Question 29

Identify what is stored in a record. Explain the importance of a primary key.

Question 30

In a file processing system, you can set up a relationship between tables at any time.

Question 31

Define the term, data file. Identify what is involved in file maintenance.

Question 32

A relational database processes and summarizes large number of records efficiently and can do so much faster than a multidimensional database.

Question 33

Explain the issues surrounding function creep.

Question 34

A database administrato? focuses on the meaning and usage of data.

Question 35

Explain how a user might add a record to a database or modify a record.

Question 36

An ERP allows for storage and management of a company's documents.

Question 37

Explain how a DBMS might manage deleted records.

Question 38

With batch processing, the computer collects data over time and processes all transactions later, as a group.

Question 39

Define the term, validation. Explain the role of a validity check.

Question 40

List types of validity checks and explain what occurs in each.

Question 41

Explain the disadvantages of typical file processing systems.

Question 42

Describe the database approach to storing data. Differentiate between a front-end and back-end program.

Question 43

Explain the innovations of forensic databases.

Question 44

Identify the uses of data and databases in the 1000 Genomes Project.

Question 45

Explain how the database approach affects data integrity.

Question 46

Explain the issues surrounding sharing of criminal databases.

Question 47

List common functions performed by most DBMSs.

Question 48

Define the term, data dictionary. Explain how a data dictionary uses default values.

Question 49

Define the terms, query and query language. Explain what SQL allows users to do with data.

Question 50

List steps to import data from a spreadsheet into a database.

Question 51

Explain the QBE feature of a DBMS. Explain how a database filters data.

Question 52

Define the terms, forms and report writer.

Question 53

Explain how access privileges contribute to data security. Identify differences between the security policies for a database administrator and a typical user.

Question 54

List methods to restore a database. Differentiate between rollforward and rollback recovery.

Question 55

List methods to back up a database. Explain why a business might choose continuous backup.

Question 56

______ defines how users view the organization of the data. List three popular data models.

Question 57

Define the term, relational database.

Question 58

Identify the contributions of Larry Ellison and E.F. Codd with respect to databases.

Question 59

Define the term, object-oriented database.

Question 60

Describe how multidimensional databases store data.

Question 61

Define the following terms: data warehouse, distributed database, data mining, and data mart.

Question 62

Explain how you access data in a web database.

Question 63

Identify steps to use a research database.

Question 64

Explain what is meant by the term, Big Data.

Question 65

Describe the roles of the database analyst and the database administrator.

Question 66

List guidelines for maintaining a database.

Question 67

Explain issues surrounding accidental access of confidential data.

Question 68

Identify how to determine the organization and structure of a database.

Question 69

Define the term, information system. List examples of information systems that support activities of several functional units.

Question 70

Explain whether a company is responsible for protecting customer data.

Question 71

Explain the role of a content management system.

Question 72

List activities associated with a transaction processing system.

Question 73

Define the terms: management information system, decision support system, expert system, and artificial intelligence.

Question 74

Explain how the sports industry uses technology.