Deck 23: Transition Elements and Their Coordination Compounds

Question 1

The M²⁺ ions of the first transition series of elements all have the general electronic configuration [Ar]4s²3d^x, where x is an integer from 1 to 8.

Answer 1

False

Question 2

All the actinide series of transition elements are radioactive.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

Octahedral complexes can exhibit geometric, optical, and linkage isomerism.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

The most common oxidation state for ions of the inner transition elements is

A)+2.
B)+3.
C)+4.
D)+5.
E)+7.

Question 5

The conversion of the chromate ion (CrO₄²⁻) to the dichromate ion (Cr₂O₇²⁻) is a redox process.

Question 6

A feature of transition metal chemistry is that these elements exhibit multiple oxidation states. Which one of the following elements exhibits the smallest number of different oxidation states?

A)Ti
B)Cr
C)Mn
D)Co
E)Zn

Question 7

The permanganate ion (MnO₄⁻) is a powerful reducing agent.

Question 8

In complexes of transition metals, the maximum coordination number of the metal is equal to its number of d electrons.

Question 9

Of the 3d transition series of elements, scandium has the greatest atomic radius.

Question 10

Square planar complexes can exhibit both geometric and optical isomerism.

Question 11

Tetrahedral complexes can exhibit both optical and linkage isomerism.

Question 12

The maximum oxidation state of an element in the first transition series never exceeds its group number.

Question 13

Which of the following elements has the ground state electron configuration, [Xe]4f¹⁴5d¹⁰6s¹?

A)Hg
B)Ag
C)Hf
D)Au
E)Th

Question 14

The ground state electron configuration of a transition element atom cannot have more than one incomplete subshell.

Question 15

The inner transition series of elements arise from the filling of f orbitals.

Question 16

The most common oxidation state for ions of the transition elements is

A)+2.
B)+3.
C)+4.
D)+5.
E)+6.

Question 17

Valence Bond theory rationalizes octahedral geometry by assuming a d²sp³ hybridization pattern.

Question 18

The Cu²⁺ ion has 1 unpaired electron.

Question 19

Which one of the following has the ground state electron configuration [Ar]3d¹⁰4s¹?

A)In ⁺
B)Cd ²⁺
C)Ag ⁺
D)Ag
E)Cu

Question 20

Of the 3d transition series of elements, zinc has the greatest atomic radius.

Question 21

What is the highest possible oxidation state for palladium, Pd?

A)+1
B)+2
C)+3
D)+4
E)+6

Question 22

Which of the oxidation states of chromium has the largest valence-state electronegativity?

A)Chromium(0)
B)Chromium(II)
C)Chromium(III)
D)Chromium(IV)
E)Chromium(VI)

Question 23

Which of the following ions is most likely to form colored compounds?

A)Sc ³⁺
B)Cu ⁺
C)Zn ²⁺
D)Cr ³⁺
E)Ca ²⁺

Question 24

Which of the following should be the strongest reducing agent?

A)Fe
B)Ru
C)Os
D)Re
E)Cu

Question 25

Which of the following ions is least likely to form colored compounds?

A)Mn ²⁺
B)Cr ⁵⁺
C)Sc ³⁺
D)Fe ³⁺
E)Co ²⁺

Question 26

How many unpaired electrons are there in the Fe³⁺ ion?

A)5
B)4
C)3
D)2
E)1

Question 27

What is the highest possible oxidation state for molybdenum, Mo?

A)+2
B)+4
C)+6
D)+8
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 28

The ground state electronic configuration of Zn²⁺ is

A)[Ar]4 s ²3 d ⁸.
B)[Ar]4 s ²3 d ¹⁰.
C)[Ar]4 s ¹3 d ⁹.
D)[Ar]3 d ¹⁰.
E)[Ar]3 d ⁸.

Question 29

Which of the following atoms has the biggest radius?

A)Ti
B)Cr
C)Fe
D)Ni
E)Zn

Question 30

Chromium and manganese are among the transition elements that form several different oxides. Which of the following statements characterize these oxides?

A)As the oxidation number on the metal increases, the valence-state electronegativity increases and the oxides change from acidic to basic.
B)As the oxidation number on the metal increases, the valence-state electronegativity increases and the oxides change from basic to acidic.
C)As the oxidation number on the metal increases, the valence-state electronegativity decreases and the oxides change from acidic to basic.
D)As the oxidation number on the metal increases, the valence-state electronegativity decreases and the oxides change from basic to acidic.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 31

A certain transition element has the stable oxidation states of +2, +3, +4, +5, and +6. In which state will the element be most likely to form a covalent bond with chlorine?

A)+2
B)+3
C)+4
D)+5
E)+6

Question 32

The ground state electronic configuration of Cr²⁺ is

A)[Ar]4 s ¹3 d ⁵.
B)[Ar]4 s ²3 d ⁴.
C)[Ar]3 d ⁴.
D)[Ar]4 s ¹3 d ³.
E)[Ar]4 s ²3 d ².

Question 33

Which of the following will be paramagnetic?

A)V ⁵⁺
B)Ni ²⁺
C)Mn ⁷⁺
D)Ti ⁴⁺
E)Zn

Question 34

Which of the following transition elements can have an oxidation number of +7?

A)V
B)Cr
C)Mn
D)Fe
E)Co

Question 35

A certain transition element has the stable oxidation states of +2, +3, +4, +5, and +6. In which state will the element be most likely to form an ionic bond with chlorine?

A)+2
B)+3
C)+4
D)+5
E)+6

Question 36

Which of the following will be diamagnetic?

A)Ni ²⁺
B)Cr ²⁺
C)Mn ²⁺
D)Co ³⁺
E)Ti ⁴⁺

Question 37

Which of the following will be the strongest oxidizing agent?

A)Cr
B)Cr(II)
C)Cr(III)
D)Cr(IV)
E)Cr(VI)

Question 38

Aluminum reacts with oxygen in the air to form a protective oxide coating. Silver also reacts with compounds in air to form a black coating. What substance is formed?

A)Silver oxide
B)Silver chloride
C)Silver sulfide
D)Silver carbonate
E)Silver nitride

Question 39

Which of the following transition elements can achieve the largest oxidation number?

A)Chromium, Cr, Group 6B(6)
B)Manganese, Mn, Group 7B(7)
C)Iron, Fe, Group 8B(8)
D)Cobalt, Co, Group 8B(9)
E)Zinc, Zn, Group 2B(12)

Question 40

If M represents a transition element, which of the following oxides should be the least basic?

A)MO
B)M ₂O
C)M ₂O ₃
D)MO ₂
E)MO ₃

Question 41

Write the formula for sodium tetracyanonickelate(II).

A)Na[Ni(CN)₄]
B)Na[Ni(CN)₄] ₂
C)Na ₂[Ni(CN)₄]
D)Na ₄[Ni(CN)₄]
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 42

When the ethylenediaminetetraacetate ion (EDTA^4-) forms a complex with a transition metal ion, how many electrons does it normally donate to the metal?

A)4
B)6
C)8
D)10
E)12

Question 43

Which one of the following normally acts as a bidentate ligand in complexes with transition metal ions?

A)CN ⁻
B)EDTA ⁴⁻
C)SCN ⁻
D)Ethylene diamine
E)Ethylene, C ₂H ₄

Question 44

Which of the following coordination numbers applies to octahedral complexes?

A)4
B)5
C)6
D)8
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 45

In the compound K[Co(C₂O₄)₂(H₂O)₂] (where C₂O₄^2- = oxalate) the oxidation number and coordination number of cobalt are, respectively

A)−1 and 4.
B)−1 and 6.
C)3 and 4.
D)3 and 6.
E)1 and 6.

Question 46

Give the systematic name for [Cu(NH₃)₄]Cl₂.

A)Dichlorotetraamminecuprate(II)
B)Tetraamminecopper(II)chloride
C)Copper(II)ammonium chloride
D)Tetraaminocopper(II)chloride
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 47

Which of the following ligands could participate in linkage isomerism?

A)NH ₃
B)H ₂O
C)NH ₄ ⁺
D)NO ₂ ⁻
E)Ethylenediamine

Question 48

What is the coordination number of cobalt in the complex ion [Co(en)Cl₄]^-? (en = ethylenediamine)

A)1
B)2
C)4
D)6
E)8

Question 49

Write the formula for diamminedichloroethylenediaminecobalt(III) bromide.

A)[CoCl ₂(en)(NH ₃)₂]Br
B)[CoCl ₂(en)(NH ₃)₂]Br ₂
C)[CoCl ₂(en)₂(NH ₃)₂]Br
D)[CoCl ₂(en)₂(NH ₃)₂]Br ₂
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 50

Give the systematic name for Cr(CO)₃(NH₃)₃.

A)Chromiumtriaminotricarbonyl
B)Triamminechromium carbonate
C)Triamminetricarbonylchromate(0)
D)Triamminetricarbonylchromium(0)
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 51

10.0 mL of a 0.100 mol/L solution of a metal ion M²⁺ is mixed with 10.0 mL of a 0.100 mol/L solution of a ligand L. A reaction occurs in which the product is ML₃. Approximately, what is the maximum concentration of ML₃²⁺, in mol/L, which could result from this reaction?

A)0.100
B)0.050
C)0.033
D)0.025
E)0.017

Question 52

Which of the following is considered a bidentate ligand?

A)Cyanide, CN ⁻
B)Thiocyanate, SCN ⁻
C)Oxalate, C ₂O ₄ ²⁻
D)Nitrite, NO ₂ ⁻
E)Hydroxide, OH ⁻

Question 53

In the compound [Ni(en)₂(H₂O)₂]SO₄ (where en = ethylenediamine) the oxidation number and coordination number of nickel are, respectively

A)2 and 6.
B)4 and 6.
C)6 and 6.
D)2 and 4.
E)4 and 4.

Question 54

A characteristic of ligands is that

A)they are Lewis acids.
B)they are Lewis bases.
C)they are ions.
D)they are electron pair acceptors.
E)they are Brønsted-Lowry acids.

Question 55

The oxidation and coordination numbers of cobalt in the compound [Co(NH₃)₅Cl]Cl₂ are, respectively

A)2 and 6.
B)2 and 8.
C)3 and 6.
D)3 and 8.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 56

Give the systematic name for [CoCl₃(H₂O)]^-.

A)Cobalt(II)chloride monohydrate
B)Aquatrichlorocobalt(II)
C)Aquatrichlorocobaltate(II)
D)Aquatrichlorocobaltite(I)
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 57

Write the formula for pentaamminechlorocobalt(III) chloride.

A)[Co(NH ₃)₅Cl]Cl
B)[Co(NH ₃)₅Cl]Cl ₂
C)[Co(NH ₃)₅Cl]Cl ₃
D)[Co(NH ₃)₅Cl]Cl ₄
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 58

The compound K₃[Fe(CN)₆] is used in calico printing and wool dyeing. Give its systematic name.

A)Potassium iron(III)hexacyanate
B)Tripotassium iron(III)hexacyanate
C)Potassium hexacyanoferrate(III)
D)Potassium hexacyanideferrate
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 59

A certain transition metal complex has the formula MX₄²⁺. If the metal ion has a d⁸ electron configuration, what is the shape of the complex?

A)Octahedral
B)Square pyramid
C)Tetrahedral
D)Trigonal pyramid
E)Square planar

Question 60

In the formation of a transition metal complex, the central metal atom or ion acts as

A)an Arrhenius acid.
B)a Bronsted-Lowry acid.
C)a Bronsted-Lowry base.
D)a Lewis acid.
E)a Lewis base.

Question 61

According to valence bond theory, what would be the set of hybrid orbitals used when a Period 4 transition metal forms a tetrahedral complex?

A)d ² sp
B)dsp ²
C)dsp ³
D)sp ³
E)d ² p ²

Question 62

The crystal field splitting energy, Δ,

A)is larger for tetrahedral complexes than for octahedral complexes.
B)depends on the metal but not on the ligand.
C)determines the color of a complex.
D)is larger for ionic ligands like chloride than for molecular ligands like carbon monoxide, CO.
E)determines the charge of a complex.

Question 63

Consider the following octahedral complex structures, each involving ethylene diamine and two different, unidentate ligands X and Y. Which one of the following statements about these structures is incorrect?

A)Structures 1 and 2 are optical isomers.
B)Structures 1 and 3 are optical isomers.
C)Structures 1 and 3 are different complexes.
D)Structures 1 and 4 are geometrical isomers.
E)Structures 3 and 4 are the same complex.

Question 64

In the presence of a strong octahedral ligand field, the number of unpaired electrons in Co(III) will be

A)0.
B)2.
C)4.
D)6.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 65

According to valence bond theory, what would be the set of hybrid orbitals used when a Period 4 transition metal forms a square planar complex?

A)d ² sp
B)d ² p ²
C)dsp ³
D)sp ³
E)dsp ²

Question 66

Which of the following ions could exist in only the high-spin state in an octahedral complex?

A)Cr ²⁺
B)Mn ⁴⁺
C)Fe ³⁺
D)Co ³⁺
E)Ni ²⁺

Question 67

Consider the following octahedral complex structures, each involving ethylene diamine and two different, unidentate ligands X and Y. Which one, if any, of the following is a pair of optical isomers?

A)1 and 2
B)1 and 3
C)1 and 4
D)3 and 4
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 68

How many unpaired electrons will there be in a high-spin octahedral complex of Fe(II)?

A)0
B)2
C)4
D)6
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 69

In the spectrochemical series, which one of the following ligands has the strongest field?

A)H ₂O
B)CN ⁻
C)NH ₃
D)OH ⁻
E)Cl ⁻

Question 70

Iron(III) forms an octahedral complex with the ligand CN^-. How many unpaired electrons are in the d orbitals of iron?

A)1
B)3
C)5
D)7
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 71

Which of the following species could exist as isomers?

A)[Co(H ₂O)₄Cl ₂] ⁺
B)[Pt(NH ₃)Br ₃] ⁻
C)[Pt(en)Cl ₂]
D)[Pt(NH ₃)₃Cl] ⁺
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 72

In a coordination compound involving a complex ion of square planar geometry, which of the following types of isomerism is/are never possible?

A)Geometric
B)Optical
C)Linkage
D)Coordination
E)More than one of these

Question 73

Which of the following ions could exist in either the high-spin or low-spin state in an octahedral complex?

A)Sc ³⁺
B)Ni ²⁺
C)Mn ²⁺
D)Ti ⁴⁺
E)Zn ²⁺

Question 74

Which of the following ligands is most likely to form a high spin octahedral complex with cobalt(II)?

A)CN ⁻
B)en (ethylenediamine)
C)NO ₂ ⁻
D)CO
E)I ⁻

Question 75

According to Valence Bond theory, in the square planar Ni(CN)₄²⁻ complex ion, the orbital hybridization pattern is

A)sp ³.
B)dsp ².
C)d ² sp.
D)d ² sp ³.
E)None of these choices are correct.

Question 76

Consider the following structures (1 and 2 are octahedral; 3 and 4 are square planar). Which one of the following statements about the above structures is correct?

A)1 and 2 are superimposable.
B)1 and 2 are geometric isomers.
C)3 and 4 are structural isomers.
D)3 and 4 are optical isomers.
E)3 and 4 are geometric isomers.

Question 77

Which of the following statements about lanthanides and actinides is incorrect?

A)The +3 oxidation state is the most common for both lanthanides and actinides.
B)All of the actinide elements are radioactive.
C)All of the lanthanide elements occur in nature.
D)All of the actinide elements are artificially made.
E)Due to similarities in their chemical properties, the actinide elements are not easily separated from each other.

Question 78

If a solution absorbs green light, what is its likely color?

A)Red
B)Violet
C)Orange
D)Yellow
E)Blue

Question 79

Which of the following ligands is most likely to form a low-spin octahedral complex with iron(III)?

A)Cl ⁻
B)H ₂O
C)NH ₃
D)OH ⁻
E)CO

Question 80

Which of the following octahedral complexes should have the largest crystal field splitting energy, Δ?

A)[Cr(H ₂O)₆] ³⁺
B)[Cr(SCN)₆] ³⁻
C)[Cr(NH ₃)₆] ³⁺
D)[Cr(CN)₆] ³⁻
E)[Cr(en)₃] ³⁺ (en = ethylenediamine)