Deck 22: A Larger World Opens

Question 1

Muslims preferred to deal with this group,because they were not out to convert the world,but to make money.

A) Portuguese
B) Chinese
C) Dutch
D) English
E) Spanish

Answer 1

Dutch

Question 2

The most spectacular of the early European sea voyages was undertaken by

A) Diaz, who was first to round Africa's treacherous Cape of Good Hope.
B) de Gama, who sailed to India and explored its rich coastline.
C) Cabral, who accidentally discovered Brazil and claimed it for the small empire of Portugal.
D) Vespucci, who was responsible for the naming of the Americas.
E) Magellan, who circumnavigated the globe.

Answer 2

Magellan, who circumnavigated the globe.

Question 3

The Portuguese government was interested mainly in

A) gaining more territory than the Spanish.
B) gaining control of the Philippines.
C) becoming wealthy through trade in luxury items.
D) being more successful than the Spanish under the mercantile system.
E) finding the fabled cities of gold known as El Dorado.

Answer 3

becoming wealthy through trade in luxury items.

Question 4

Compare and contrast the colonial endeavors of the Dutch,British,and French.Which was most successful? Which least? Why was this so?

Question 5

European exploration of the western Atlantic was led by the

A) Vikings.
B) Portuguese.
C) Spanish.
D) Dutch.
E) English.

Question 6

In Brazil,the greatest number of slaves were originally imported for labor in the

A) silver mines.
B) sugarcane fields.
C) tobacco plantations.
D) trading stations.
E) rainforests.

Question 7

The most impressive Spanish venture in exploration was,according to your authors,probably

A) Columbus's discovery of the New World.
B) Hernán Cortés's subjugation of the Aztecs.
C) the exploration of Florida, California, and Arizona.
D) Magellan's circumnavigation of the globe.
E) gaining control of all of Central America.

Question 8

The English fought two wars with the Dutch in the 1600s,both of which they won,making them

A) feel invincible.
B) the world's leading naval power.
C) turn to Indian allies to keep their supremacy.
D) unstoppable in any endeavor.
E) the owners of the profitable port of Singapore.

Question 9

Describe the background for European exploration and trade expansion.Discuss the roles of Prince Henry and early Portuguese discoverers.

Question 10

The slave trade from Africa first became profitable for the Portuguese with

A) the shipping of slaves to Brazil, which Portugal controlled.
B) the breeding of new slave generations in the Americas.
C) sales to European noble families.
D) sales to the Muslims in the Arab countries.
E) shipments to the Caribbean islands.

Question 11

France's colonial policies were more similar to those of which other country?

A) Holland
B) Portugal
C) Spain
D) Britain
E) India

Question 12

Which of the following was true of the contact between Asia and Europe prior to exploration?

A) Europe obtained most of their luxury goods from Asia.
B) No travel paths existed between Europe and Asia.
C) Only Muslim groups had traveled to Asia.
D) Sea paths were never important before.
E) Europe had little need of Asian goods, they relied on African goods.

Question 13

Explain and discuss negative elements that were engendered by European discovery and conquest in the Americas.

Question 14

In actuality,the Portuguese empire consisted mainly of

A) organized military states.
B) established communities.
C) fortified trading stations.
D) slave camps.
E) fur-trading villages.

Question 15

Discuss and elaborate on the impact of discovery and colonialism on European society.

Question 16

Europeans began to search in earnest for an alternate route to Eastern Asia after

A) they read the fabulous tales of Marco Polo.
B) they became aware of the spices available there.
C) the city of Constantinople was lost to them as a center of trade.
D) Muslim conquerors introduced them to Eastern wares.
E) the Mongol conquest disrupted their overland trade routes.

Question 17

Which of the following caused the most death among Amerindians?

A) smallpox
B) the cannon
C) Spanish mines
D) malaria
E) scurvy

Question 18

Describe the Columbian Exchange in detail.Identify key elements that you believe to be of special significance.

Question 19

Compare the early Spanish and Portuguese colonial empires.Why did Spain's efforts prove to be the more substantial?

Question 20

In the end,Portugal

A) expanded its empire into Japan and Australia.
B) was too poor to maintain its empire.
C) lost interest in extensive overseas commerce.
D) sank into civil war.
E) became one of the wealthiest European empires.

Question 21

Many of the early ideas of racism were ____ in nature.

A) political
B) economic
C) scientific
D) religious
E) Both A and C.

Question 22

As Europeans came to have more contact with other parts of the world,they

A) became reinforced in the belief that they had a moral obligation to enlighten others.
B) began to look on foreigners as fascinating beings for study, but probably uncivilizable.
C) began to develop the concept of the "noble savage," with the accompanying idea that these peoples might be more moral than the Europeans themselves.
D) began to realize that their interest in the natural sciences was shared by most of the world's peoples.
E) became more curious about the rest of the world's peoples, but less interested in interacting with them.

Question 23

Ironically,Arab slave traders and Europeans adopted the same beliefs about

A) African inferiority.
B) the nature of God.
C) mercantilism.
D) the inhumanity of slavery.
E) the reasons for taking slaves.

Question 24

Wages in the 1600s

A) fell universally.
B) remained constant.
C) disappeared.
D) rose.
E) fell, but only for the upper classes.

Question 25

The Spanish economic institution forced on Amerindians is known as

A) the slave system.
B) the encomienda system.
C) the system of intermarriage.
D) the plantation system.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 26

Mercantilism aimed first of all to

A) secure financial rewards for the entrepreneurs.
B) allow the impoverished a chance to rise in society.
C) bring maximum income to the royal throne.
D) secure a favorable balance of foreign trade.
E) develop a wide range of products for export.

Question 27

The most significant food crop arriving in Europe as a consequence of the Columbian Exchange was

A) the potato.
B) the tomato.
C) maize.
D) squash.
E) sugarcane.

Question 28

Exploration was facilitated by partnerships,which

A) guaranteed profits for all involved.
B) set up effective methods for dividing up the work to be done.
C) minimized risks to individual investors.
D) could afford to get involved with the slave trade.
E) established central locations for hiring captains and crews for the ships.

Question 29

All of the following are true of the Dutch EXCEPT

A) a chief reason for their success was the Dutch East India Company.
B) they were more interested in setting up colonies than trade.
C) they used naval power against native groups.
D) they were a small nation both in size and population.
E) they eventually took over the spice trade from the Portuguese in Southeast Asia.

Question 30

____________________ was common among the weakest aboard slave ships.

Question 31

The Spanish had to worry about which of the following in the Caribbean?

A) Revolts by Amerindians.
B) Piracy by other Europeans.
C) Slave revolts aboard Spanish ships.
D) The Catholic Church condemning their actions.
E) None of the options are correct.

Question 32

The country that suffered the worst inflation from Spain's importation of gold and silver was

A) Holland.
B) England.
C) France.
D) Spain.
E) Portugal.

Question 33

Individuals whose ancestry included both Amerindians and whites were labeled ____________________.

Question 34

The Europeans who reaped the greatest benefit from the gold/silver-induced inflation were

A) landlords.
B) merchants.
C) artisans.
D) peasants.
E) clergy.

Question 35

Indian silver and gold enabled ____________________ to become Europe's strongest superpower in the 16?? and 17?? centuries.

Question 36

The coming of Europeans seems to have had the most catastrophic impact on

A) Africans.
B) Amerindians.
C) Eskimos.
D) Muslims.
E) Asians.

Question 37

Virginia and the Carolinas were first established as

A) a refuge for honest debtors.
B) a haven for Quakers.
C) colonies for the rehabilitation of convicts.
D) tobacco-producing colonies.
E) real estate ventures.

Question 38

Unique among Europeans,the ____________________ had no desire to convert the natives to Christianity.

Question 39

Fifteenth and sixteenth century voyages of exploration were facilitated mainly by

A) European curiosity about other peoples.
B) the determination to obtain more farming land for a growing population.
C) the individual explorers' hopes of enrichment.
D) the discovery that the Earth was in fact a sphere without "ends."
E) new technology.

Question 40

As serfs in Europe began to gain their freedom,landlords

A) went bankrupt after years of profligate spending.
B) imported workers from neighboring countries.
C) threw their farmer serfs off the land.
D) left the land and became merchants and bankers.
E) continued to try to force their workers to remain on the land.

Question 41

After two wars in the mid-1600s,the ____________________ replaced the Dutch as the leading naval power.

Question 42

____________________ was the dominant economic philosophy during the Age of Discovery.

Question 43

The first attempt by the English to colonize North America failed miserably,in fact coming to be known as the ____________________.

Question 44

A chief ingredient of Dutch success in carving out an overseas empire was the ____________________ Company.

Question 45

The first slaves from Africa were introduced to Europe through ____________________ hands.

Question 46

____________________ were slave-labor estates that existed for a short while in Spanish America and Brazil.