Deck 13: Transition to the New System

Question 1

In a parallel conversion:

A)both the old and new systems are run for a period of time
B)the old and new system are run for an entire year
C)the old and new system are run while the old hardware is removed
D)the new system is installed on one weekend and the old system is removed on the next weekend
E)only one pilot site is used to run both the old and new systems in parallel

Answer 1

A

Question 2

What options does a project manager have when considering a conversion location?

A)simultaneous, pilot and parallel
B)parallel, pilot and phased
C)waterfall, phased and prototyped
D)phased, pilot and simultaneous
E)simultaneous, direct and modular

Answer 2

D

Question 3

It has been a busy project experience for Omar.During the analysis phase,he encountered some negative feedback from users.During design,his best user-interface analyst left for a new position and a novice user-interface designer took over.And during the coding,the team had to rely on some off-shore developers who had trouble understand the programming specifications.To get the system running as expected,the testing time was reduced.Which of the following conversion approaches might be the safest approach for Omar and the project team?

A)direct, whole-system, simultaneous conversion
B)parallel, pilot site, simultaneous conversion
C)direct, phased, simultaneous conversion
D)direct, pilot and phased conversion
E)parallel, modular and top-down conversion

Answer 3

B

Question 4

If a trainer has been hired to train all staff before the new system goes 'live',it might be best to use:

A)direct conversion
B)pilot conversion
C)phased conversion
D)modular conversion
E)perpendicular conversion

Question 5

According to the quote from Machiavelli;s The Prince,'there is nothing more difficult' than ________

A)Death and taxes
B)The creation of a new system
C)In-fighting between developers and users
D)Over-throwing the current regime
E)Writing documentation for new systems

Question 6

The two types of conversion modules are:

A)whole-system and waterfall
B)waterfall and phased
C)modular conversion and whole-system
D)pilot and modular
E)parallel and modular

Question 7

Considering conversion style,conversion locations,and conversion modules,the most risky approach is probably:

A)direct, simultaneous, whole-system
B)direct, phased, whole-system
C)direct, pilot, modular
D)parallel, simultaneous, modular
E)parallel, phased, modular

Question 8

Plans to handle potential business disruption due to technical problems during conversion are covered in the:

A)System back-out plan
B)Conversion disruption plan
C)Alignment alteration plan
D)Business Contingency Plan
E)Help Desk plan

Question 9

The main difference between pilot and phased conversion location options is:

A)pilot is like an extended test; phased is for a set of sites
B)pilot does the headquarters site; phased is for regional sites
C)pilot is for a set of sites; phased is for modular conversion
D)pilot is for parallel conversion; phased is for direct conversion
E)pilot and phased are the same

Question 10

Juan is considering which of the two 'conversion styles' to use for his project.They are:

A)abrupt and direct
B)direct and instant
C)parallel and perpendicular
D)direct and parallel
E)parallel and analogous

Question 11

Frequently,when using the direct conversion strategy,the new system is activated:

A)on the project sponsor's birthday
B)on the 12?? of September (Herman's Hollerith's birthday)
C)to correspond with a fiscal year change or at midnight on New Year's Eve
D)when the current paper forms run out
E)on Christmas Day to give the users a 'gift'

Question 12

In the SDLC,the key person is the systems analyst who analyzed the business situation,identified opportunities for improvements and designed an information system to implement the improvements.

Question 13

When considering costs of a new system conversion,which is NOT a common cost to consider?

A)the cost of running two systems with a parallel conversion
B)the costs of more staff at more locations for support in a simultaneous conversion
C)the salary costs of users, trainers, administrators, consultants
D)the hardware costs for a pilot system
E)the extra programming costs for a modular conversion

Question 14

What is NOT normally part of transitioning to a new system?

A)Deciding on a conversion strategy
B)Planning on training
C)Developing the user interface screens
D)Overseeing data conversion from the old system to the new system
E)Preparing people for the new system

Question 15

Which is NOT a step in Lewin's model for managing organization change?

A)Program
B)Transition
C)Refreeze
D)Move
E)Unfreeze

Question 16

A lot of the 'unfreeze' part of Lewin's three step model for managing organization change:

A)is part of the user interface design activities
B)is generally accomplished by a strongly worded e-mail from the project sponsor to the development / project management team
C)has been accomplished to this point in the project by the systems development life cycle (SDLC)processes
D)is done by 'turning up the heat' (i.e. unfreeze)on the users to make them want to change
E)is accomplished by the organization's marketing vice president

Question 17

One of the problems with a parallel conversion is:

A)there is a higher risk
B)the old hardware might fail
C)there is a lower risk
D)the users have to enter data into both systems
E)there is an abrupt conversion

Question 18

The second step of Lewin's three step model for managing organizational change is:

A)unfreeze
B)refreeze
C)thaw
D)move
E)establish SOPs

Question 19

Which is NOT a post-implementation activity?

A)system support
B)system maintenance
C)system request
D)project assessment
E)providing help desk and telephone support for users

Question 20

Which of the following conversion options is the most risk-filled?

A)the parallel conversion style
B)the direct conversion style
C)the simultaneous conversion style
D)the perpendicular conversion style
E)none of these

Question 21

Which is NOT a step involved in preparing the technology?

A)install the hardware
B)install the telecommunications system
C)convert the logical DFDs into physical DFDs
D)convert the data
E)install the software

Question 22

Which is NOT a key role in any major organization change?

A)sponsor
B)chief financial officer (CFO)
C)change agent
D)potential adopter
E)none of the above

Question 23

The person who wants the change to a system most likely is:

A)the Internal Revenue Service
B)the head of the accounting department
C)the business sponsor
D)the director of human resources
E)the head project manager

Question 24

Which is NOT a basic tool for structuring work processes in organizations?

A)formal standard operating procedures
B)defining how people assign meaning to events (such as to 'be successful')
C)promoting earlier adopters to management positions
D)allocating funds for training
E)allocating funds for positive infrastructure

Question 25

One of the best contingency plans is to:

A)use a direct conversion
B)use an abrupt conversion
C)use a parallel conversion
D)use a back-up power generator in case the power fails
E)have your system insured by Lloyds of London

Question 26

Early adopters in the new customer resource management system received faster computers with more memory.In terms of management policy,this is probably an example of:

A)standard operating procedures
B)checks and balances
C)bonus processes
D)fair play
E)resource allocation

Question 27

Connie is trying to motivate users to adopt the new system.The first step she needs to consider is:

A)how to cajole the users into adopting the system
B)that people need to be paid to adopt a new system
C)the factors that inhibit change and the perception of costs and benefits
D)the standard operating procedures of the organization
E)the informal politics and the informal 'boss' of the users (and how to reach this person)

Question 28

A comment about why people resist change might be:

A)people like change and feeling part of a successful organization
B)what is good for the organization is not necessarily good for the people
C)change can be very uplifting and comforting
D)change is the motto of Wal-Mart
E)using new and updated systems makes a person look like a "yes-person"

Question 29

The authors suggest that "with new systems," it may be best:

A)to expect success with optimism
B)to expect the worst
C)to add three additional weeks of alpha and beta testing
D)to keep the existing system for two additional years
E)to hold daily developer & user troubleshooting meetings during the implementation stage

Question 30

Somebody who is generally outside the business unit and is leading the change effort is the:

A)business sponsor
B)project champion
C)reluctant adopter
D)the change agent
E)the database administrator (DBA)

Question 31

Connie knows that _________ when trying to motivate people to change

A)people act on what they believe to be true, not what actually is true
B)people act out of political reasons, such as trying to please the manager
C)people will change only when it is best for the organization
D)change is generally related to age; younger employees will embrace change; while older employees will not embrace change
E)change can only occur when negative pressures are in play

Question 32

What is probably a common scenario in most organizations when installing a new system?

A)users are excited about the new system
B)resistance to change exists
C)scope creep delays implementation by at least two months
D)the change agent is a member of the business unit adopting the change
E)the project sponsor is the lead systems analyst

Question 33

Which is NOT a change management plan step?

A)revising management policies
B)assessing the costs and benefit models of potential adopters
C)motivating adoption
D)installing 'user friendly' hardware
E)enabling people to adopt through training

Question 34

Marta's company falls under the Sarbanes-Oxley reporting standards.She has overseen a major project to change reporting functions in organizational systems.But,there are reluctant and resistant adopters among the user groups involved in this project.Which of the following might be a compelling organizational reason for change for those reluctant and resistant adopters?

A)If we do not adopt this system, the company will be heavily fined, and might become bankrupt or acquired by another company
B)If we don't adopt this system, we will be one of the few that has stood up to governmental manipulation
C)If we don't adopt this system, we will be viewed as trend setters within our industry
D)Marta will gain prestige and power if this system is adopted
E)A competitor to this company adopted Sarbanes-Oxley two years ago

Question 35

In terms of systems development projects,the philosophy of 'build it and they will come'

A)is common in system adoption
B)was first proposed by Machivelli in The Prince
C)was part of the economic feasibility analysis
D)is the motto of project teams
E)generally is not true, except in movies

Question 36

Which of the following is a true statement about successful change?

A)the migration plan is not clear
B)the likelihood of successful change is increased when the cost of the transition to individuals who must change is low
C)there is a need for significantly different new skills
D)there is a strong possibility of disruptions in how the company has done business with the new system
E)the change agent is a newcomer who has been viewed as 'pushy' by potential adopters

Question 37

____________ is usually the most technically complicated step in the migration plan.

A)installing hardware
B)installing telecommunications systems
C)installing software
D)motivating people to adopt the new system
E)converting data

Question 38

The habitual routines for how work is performed are called:

A)work norms
B)policies, processes and procedures (the "3Ps")
C)resource allocations
D)standard operating procedures
E)assignment infrastructures

Question 39

Which of the following might NOT be a reason for some people to favor adoption of a new system?

A)increased salary
B)reduced unpleasantness
C)opportunities for promotion
D)loss of political power
E)opportunities for personal development

Question 40

When installing hardware,it is best to:

A)leave this to the last minute, so to get the latest versions of the hardware from the vendor(s)
B)work closely with the vendors who are supplying the hardware
C)create a RFP two weeks before install date
D)call Home Depot
E)outsource the hardware installation to India

Question 41

A study of 10,000 end-users in the insurance industry in the United States found that only a small percentage of the users allowed the system work processes to become habits or norms.

Question 42

Most organizations provide a ____________ that provides a place for a user to talk with a person who can answer questions about organizational systems.

A)help desk
B)human resources center
C)mentor system
D)triage process
E)complaint desk

Question 43

Which is most likely NOT a part of Project Assessment?

A)project team review (reports on activities and performance with an eye for improvement)
B)system review of the costs that were initially used in starting the analysis
C)identifying mistakes in the project and understanding the causes of those mistakes
D)a thorough analysis of the software coding as to standards, cohesion and coupling
E)system review of the proposed benefits that were used in analysis

Question 44

Research has shown that about __________ of potential adopters will be ready adopters.

A)5% to 10%
B)10% to 20%
C)20% to 30%
D)40% to 50%
E)90 to 100%

Question 45

The goal of post-implementation activities is to:

A)praise the ready adopters
B)give encouragement to the reluctant adopters who joined in
C)institutionalize the use of the new system
D)quickly modify the system with the changes that were suggested during the project that were deemed as 'good', but identified as 'scope creep'
E)finally be able to relax and bond together (frequently with a post-implementation party)

Question 46

The authors suggest the following advice to motivate adoption:

A)keeping the new system 'under wraps' until the end
B)it is easier to convince potential adopters that a new system will remove a major problem rather than providing new benefits
C)it is better to stress the benefits of the new system over solving current problems - good news sells better than bad news
D)it is better to 'over sell' the new system, even if potential benefits are estimated on the high side in order to get reluctant adopters 'on board'
E)being forthright by saying 'this is what it is - you have two choices - take it or leave the organization'

Question 47

Project assessment is part of post-implementation.

Question 48

Training is probably the most _________ part of any change management initiative.

A)self-evident
B)expensive
C)overused
D)wasted
E)tedious

Question 49

_________________ is the process of refining the system to make sure it continues to meet business needs.

A)Business contingency plan
B)System maintenance
C)Help desk
D)SDLC
E)all of the above

Question 50

Once the project team has installed the system and performed the change management activities,the system is officially turned over to:

A)the users
B)the operations group
C)management
D)vendors
E)consultants

Question 51

Which is NOT a common source of change requests for an installed system?

A)bugs in the system that must be fixed
B)enhancements to the system from users
C)other systems development projects (that interact with this system)
D)senior management
E)specific requests made by the CEO

Question 52

Training should focus on:

A)how management views the new system
B)the enhanced and beneficial features of the new system
C)helping the users to accomplish their jobs
D)the underlying programming of the new system
E)how the analysts went from users use-cases to DFDs and ERDs

Question 53

According to the quote from Machiavelli The Prince,nothing is more difficult than the creation of a new system.

Question 54

Which is NOT a common training approach for introducing a new system?

A)classroom training
B)computer-based training (CBT)
C)one-on-one training
D)mentoring
E)sending employees to a nearby college or university to take a class

Question 55

Frequently,as people get used to certain ways of doing things,they view their job in terms of those processes rather than in terms of the business goals of serving customers.

Question 56

Generally the cheapest training to deliver would be:

A)classroom training
B)computer-based training (CBT)
C)one-on-one training
D)mentoring
E)sending employees to a nearby college or university

Question 57

One of the activities when considering post-implementation activities of a new system is to include systems maintenance.

Question 58

With resistant adopters (those that simply refuse to accept the change with the new system),it might be better to:

A)bring them together for a meeting and open debate on a unimpassioned, logical approach
B)ignore this small minority of resistant adopters and focus on the larger majority of ready and reluctant adopters
C)find the more vocal resistant adopters and 'bribe' them to accept the new system with such actions as updated computer systems, time off, and 'trinkets' (like banners, buttons, stuffed animals)
D)find the leaders of this resistance and fire one of two of them as a message to the others to get 'on board'
E)use an implementation JAD session with leaders from the ready adopters, reluctant adopters, and resistant adopters to find common ground

Question 59

Planning for the transition from the old system to the new system begins while programmers are still conducting interviews and drawing logical DFDs.

Question 60

The single most important factor in motivating a change is:

A)posting comments on a corporate blog
B)sending out an e-mail of reluctant and resistant adopters to everyone in the organization
C)providing clear and convincing evidence of the need for change
D)mandating that 'it must happen or else'
E)promising salary increases to upper management

Question 61

Most of the SDLC processes (including JAD sessions and interviews with users)have laid the groundwork for 'unfreezing' the current system so that a new system can replace it.

Question 62

Knowing that sometimes things happen due to technical problems when implementing a new system is a great reason to have a business contingency plan.

Question 63

One conversation strategy is 'conversion style' where the change from the old system to the new system can be instantaneous or gradual.

Question 64

Fredrick Brooks suggested a three step model for managing organizational change: (a)unfreeze;(b)move;and (c)refreeze.

Question 65

Generally speaking,the technical readiness portion is the most difficult aspect of the migration plan.

Question 66

The first step in Lewin's model is "thaw".

Question 67

At Mega-Mart,their financial year ends on June 30??.Chris,the project manager for the new reporting system,has set 11:59 p.m.as the time for the implementation of the new system.He is probably using the parallel conversion approach.

Question 68

One aspect of converting to a new system might be to convert data from one format into data that will be used by the new system.

Question 69

Post-implementation activities include correcting the logical DFDs and logical ERDs during a final JAD session with end-users.

Question 70

According to the authors,the most complex element of the migration plan is getting users to be ready and able to use the new system.

Question 71

A 'technology restructuring matrix' describes how to handle potential business disruptions due to technical problems during conversion.

Question 72

Part of the migration / transition plan should include helping people adopt the new system.

Question 73

Lewin's model for managing organizational change has four steps: (a)thaw;(b)enticement;(c)change;and (d)institutionalize.

Question 74

Of direct and parallel conversion,parallel is the most risky.

Question 75

Arranging for and installing any needed hardware and software and converting data as needed for the new system is called 'technical readiness'.

Question 76

TJ was the project manager on the ERP implementation project.He should lead an evaluation of the project to identify what went well and what could be improved for the next system development project.

Question 77

Technical readiness in a migration plan is achieved by installing fault tolerant,open-source Web 2.0 systems.

Question 78

The transition from the old business processes and computer programs to the new business processes and computer programs will be facilitated by ensuring that a number of business,technical and people issues are addressed.

Question 79

Michael,a project manager,is concerned that although the new system is fairly well tested,wants to run both the old and new systems for two months.He is using a 'parallel conversion' strategy.

Question 80

Ting-You is working on encouragement,training and incentives to get users to adopt the new system.That is one of the important activities of the transition process.