Deck 8: Physical Database Design and Database Infrastructure

Question 1

While Oracle has responsibility for managing data inside a tablespace, the tablespace, as a whole, is managed by the:

A) user.
B) CEO.
C) XML.
D) operating system.

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A requirement to begin designing physical files and databases is:

A) normalized relations.
B) physical tables created.
C) implementation complete.
D) all datatypes determined.

Answer 2

A

Question 3

The storage format for each attribute from the logical data model is chosen to maximize ________ and minimize storage space.

A) query design
B) programmer productivity
C) data integrity
D) data integration

Answer 3

C

Question 4

Database access frequencies are estimated from:

A) transaction volumes.
B) user logins.
C) security violations.
D) random number generation.

Question 5

In which data model would a code table appear?

A) Conceptual
B) Logical
C) Physical
D) Data layout

Question 6

A method for handling missing data is to:

A) substitute with random numbers for the missing data.
B) track missing data with special reports.
C) perform insensitivity testing.
D) delete the associated row.

Question 7

Sensitivity testing involves:

A) checking to see if your teeth hurt when you brush.
B) seeing how accurate data are.
C) checking to see if missing data will greatly impact results.
D) deleting the associated row.

Question 8

An integrity control supported by a DBMS is:

A) substitute estimates.
B) security.
C) range control.
D) GUI guards.

Question 9

A key decision in the physical design process is:

A) ignoring the size of the database.
B) selecting structures.
C) deciding on the monitor.
D) deciding the e-r diagrams.

Question 10

Within Oracle, the named set of storage elements in which physical files for database tables may be stored is called a(n):

A) extent.
B) table.
C) tablespace.
D) partition.

Question 11

The smallest unit of application data recognized by system software is a:

A) field.
B) row.
C) data type.
D) column.

Question 12

Designing physical files requires ________ of where and when data are used in various ways.

A) maps
B) descriptions
C) keys
D) hints

Question 13

A contiguous section of disk storage space is called a(n):

A) track.
B) sector.
C) extent.
D) tablespace.

Question 14

All of the following are objectives when selecting a data type EXCEPT:

A) represent all possible values.
B) improve data integrity.
C) support all data manipulations.
D) use a lot of storage space.

Question 15

The value a field will assume unless the user enters an explicit value for an instance of that field is called a:

A) default value.
B) null value.
C) range control.
D) gurand.

Question 16

A detailed coding scheme recognized by system software for representing organizational data is called a(n):

A) DBMS code.
B) data type.
C) SQL.
D) DB layout.

Question 17

Which of the following is an objective of selecting a data type?

A) Represent a small number of possible values
B) Maximize storage space
C) Limit security
D) Improve data integrity

Question 18

An appropriate datatype for one wanting a fixed-length type for last name would include:

A) VARCHAR.
B) CHAR.
C) BLOB.
D) DATE.

Question 19

All of the following are valid datatypes in Oracle 12c EXCEPT:

A) VARCHAR2.
B) BOOLEAN.
C) BLOB.
D) NUMBER.

Question 20

An appropriate datatype for adding a sound clip would be:

A) VARCHAR.
B) CHAR.
C) BLOB.
D) DATE.

Question 21

A method to allow adjacent secondary memory space to contain rows from several tables is called:

A) cluttering.
B) clustering.
C) concatenating.
D) compiling.

Question 22

A command used in Oracle to display how the query optimizer intends to access indexes, use parallel servers, and join tables to prepare query results is the:

A) explain plan.
B) show optimization.
C) explain query.
D) analyze query.

Question 23

A(n) ________ is a field of data used to locate a related field or record.

A) key
B) index
C) lock
D) pointer

Question 24

In most cases, the goal of ________ dominates the design process.

A) efficient data processing
B) security
C) quick pointer updates
D) shorter design times

Question 25

Horizontal partitioning makes sense:

A) when different categories of a table's rows are processed separately.
B) when less security is needed.
C) when partitions must be organized the same.
D) when only one category is allowed.

Question 26

An index on columns from two or more tables that come from the same domain of values is called a:

A) bitmap index.
B) multivalued index.
C) join index.
D) transaction index.

Question 27

Which type of file is easiest to update?

A) Sequential
B) Hashed
C) Indexed
D) Clustered

Question 28

A(n) ________ is a technique for physically arranging the records of a file on secondary storage devices.

A) physical pointer
B) retrieval program
C) file organization
D) update program

Question 29

All of the following are common denormalization opportunities EXCEPT:

A) two entities with a one-to-one relationship.
B) a one-to-many relationship.
C) a many-to-many relationship with nonkey attributes.
D) reference data.

Question 30

An advantage of partitioning is:

A) efficiency.
B) remote optimization.
C) extra space and update time.
D) increase redundancy.

Question 31

A method that speeds query processing by running a query at the same time against several partitions of a table using multiprocessors is called:

A) multiple partition queries.
B) perpendicular query processing.
C) parallel query processing.
D) query optimization.

Question 32

A file organization that uses hashing to map a key into a location in an index where there is a pointer to the actual data record matching the hash key is called a:

A) hashed file organization.
B) hash key.
C) multi-indexed file organization.
D) hash index table.

Question 33

A(n) ________ is a routine that converts a primary key value into a record address.

A) record index calculator
B) index pointer program
C) hashing algorithm
D) pointing algorithm

Question 34

A factor to consider when choosing a file organization is:

A) inefficient data retrieval.
B) DDL.
C) efficient storage.
D) DML.

Question 35

A disadvantage of partitioning is:

A) simplicity.
B) remote optimization.
C) extra space and update time.
D) shorter technology spans.

Question 36

Which type of file is most efficient with storage space?

A) Sequential
B) Hashed
C) Indexed
D) Clustered

Question 37

Distributing the rows of data into separate files is called:

A) normalization.
B) horizontal partitioning.
C) vertical partitioning.
D) file allocation.

Question 38

In which type of file is multiple key retrieval not possible?

A) Sequential
B) Hashed
C) Indexed
D) Clustered

Question 39

A file organization where files are not stored in any particular order is considered a:

A) hashed file organization.
B) hash key.
C) multi-indexed file organization.
D) heap file organization.

Question 40

One field or combination of fields for which more than one record may have the same combination of values is called a(n):

A) secondary key.
B) index.
C) composite key.
D) linked key.

Question 41

A DBMS periodically suspends all processing and synchronizes its files and journals through the use of a:

A) checkpoint facility.
B) backup facility.
C) recovery manager.
D) database change log.

Question 42

A discrete unit of work that must be processed completely or not at all within a computer system is called a:

A) change control device.
B) transaction.
C) before image.
D) journalizing facility.

Question 43

Forward recovery is faster than restore/rerun because:

A) transactions do not have to be repeated.
B) security can be avoided.
C) images are mirrored.
D) systems are more complete.

Question 44

The preferred method of fixing an aborted transaction is:

A) repairing the schema.
B) switching.
C) duplication of data.
D) backing out the transaction.

Question 45

When incorrect data have been introduced, the database is best recovered by:

A) starting with a new ERD.
B) formatting server.
C) restarting from the most recent checkpoint and processing subsequent transactions.
D) reloading RDMS software.

Question 46

________ is used to undo unwanted database changes.

A) Rollback
B) Rollforward
C) Restart
D) Encryption

Question 47

Which of the following is a principal type of authorization table?

A) Subject
B) Transaction
C) View
D) Index

Question 48

While views promote security by restricting user access to data, they are not adequate security measures because:

A) an unauthorized person may gain access to a view through experimentation.
B) all users can read any view.
C) a view's data does not change.
D) views are not possible to create in most DBMS.

Question 49

The coding or scrambling of data so that humans cannot read them is called:

A) demarcation.
B) hiding.
C) encoding.
D) encryption.

Question 50

________ partitioning distributes the columns of a table into several separate physical records.

A) Horizontal
B) Crossways
C) Vertical
D) Final

Question 51

An audit trail of database changes is kept by a:

A) change control device.
B) subschema.
C) before image.
D) journalizing facility.

Question 52

Sarbanes-Oxley Act was enacted to ensure the integrity of:

A) SQL.
B) public companies' financial statements.
C) private companies' shareholders meetings.
D) Entity-Relationship Diagrams.

Question 53

Guidelines for server security should include all of the following EXCEPT:

A) securing the network between client and server.
B) guidelines for password lengths.
C) password naming conventions.
D) guidelines for frequency of password changes.

Question 54

Which of the following threats involves outside parties using information to embarrass a company?

A) Accidental loss
B) Theft and fraud
C) Loss of confidentiality
D) Loss of data integrity

Question 55

A form of denormalization where the same data are purposely stored in multiple places in the database is called:

A) data duplication.
B) data replication.
C) advanced placement.
D) horizontal partitioning.

Question 56

A credit-card sized plastic card with an embedded microprocessor chip with the ability to store, process, and output electronic data in a secure manner is called a(n):

A) smart chip.
B) smart card.
C) e-credit card.
D) secure card.

Question 57

A ________ is a DBMS module that restores the database to a correct condition when a failure occurs.

A) backup facility
B) recovery manager
C) restart facility
D) transaction logger

Question 58

Controls designed to restrict access and activities are called:

A) schemas.
B) business rules.
C) encryption controls.
D) authorization rules.

Question 59

A trigger can be used as a security measure in which of the following ways?

A) To check for viruses
B) To cause special handling procedures to be executed
C) To design a database
D) To conduct a DFD analysis

Question 60

A device to measure or detect fingerprints or signatures is called a(n) ________ device.

A) biometric
B) view
C) ink
D) laser

Question 61

The smallest unit of named application data is a record.

Question 62

A data management platform service is called:

A) Infrastructure-as-a-service.
B) Platform-as-a-service.
C) Software-as-a-service.
D) Database-as-a-service.

Question 63

A cloud computing approach in which the service consists mainly of hardware and systems software resources is called:

A) Infrastructure-as-a-service.
B) Platform-as-a-service.
C) Software-as-a-service.
D) IDE.

Question 64

All of the following are advantages to cloud-based computing EXCEPT:

A) no need for initial investment in hardware, physical facilities and systems software.
B) elasticity.
C) organizations can explore new data management technologies more easily.
D) ACID support for database as a service.

Question 65

Requirements for response time, data security, backup, and recovery are all requirements for physical design.

Question 66

The Number datatype would be appropriate for a zip code.

Question 67

With ________, the database itself is lost, destroyed, or cannot be read.

A) aborted transaction
B) database destruction
C) incorrect data
D) system failure

Question 68

The logical database design always forms the best foundation for grouping attributes in the physical design.

Question 69

SOX stands for the Sorbet-Oxford Act.

Question 70

A cloud computing approach in which the service consists of infrastructure resources and additional tools that enable application and solution data management solution developers to reach a high level of productivity is called:

A) Software-as-a-service.
B) Platform-as-a-service.
C) Infrastructure-as-a-service.
D) Tools-as-a-service.

Question 71

A default value is the value that a field will always assume, regardless of what the user enters for an instance of that field.

Question 72

All of the following are disadvantages to cloud-based computing EXCEPT:

A) the promise of elasticity is not fulfilled because the model will not adapt to changing requirements.
B) live migration from one environment to another is a challenge.
C) DBaaS is still struggling to provide ACID properties of databases.
D) the visibility of costs of data management is better.

Question 73

Efficient database structures will be beneficial only if queries and the underlying database management system are tuned to properly use the structures.

Question 74

A cloud computing approach in which the service consists of software solutions intended to address the needs of a noncompeting activity is called:

A) Infrastructure-as-a-service.
B) Platform-as-a-service.
C) Software-as-a-service.
D) Soft-computing-service.

Question 75

A transaction that terminates abnormally is called a(n) ________ transaction.

A) terminated
B) aborted
C) completed
D) deleted

Question 76

One objective of selecting a data type is to minimize storage space.

Question 77

One decision in the physical design process is selecting structures.

Question 78

VarChar2 would be appropriate for a user that wanted a text datatype for LastName that would only consume the required space.

Question 79

All of the following are characteristics of cloud technologies EXCEPT:

A) unlimited bandwidth.
B) on-demand self-service IT capabilities.
C) broad network access.
D) rapid elasticity.

Question 80

Adding notations to the EER diagram regarding data volumes and usage is of no value to the physical design process.