Question 1

You are working with a 54-year-old man who has been exhibiting a decline in cognitive functioning following a traumatic brain injury (TBI). Based on your assessment, you create an intervention plan that includes the client using compensatory strategies such as a day planner to help organize work-related tasks and a checklist to help cue him to what homemaking tasks he needs to complete outside of work. Which model best represents this intervention?

A) Cognitive adaptation
B) Dynamic interactional approach
C) Cognitive remediation
D) Cognitive disabilities

A

Accepted Answer

The use of compensatory strategies such as a day planner and checklist fall under the cognitive adaptation model, which focuses on compensating for deficits and maximizing functioning rather than trying to remediate cognitive impairments. This model is commonly used in rehabilitation following brain injury. The dynamic interactional approach focuses on the relationship between the individual, their environment, and their abilities, while cognitive remediation and cognitive disabilities models focus on improving cognitive functioning through specific interventions or providing assistance for individuals with cognitive impairments.

Question 2

You are working with an adult client who is demonstrating impairments in cognition, which is impacting his ability to live independently. You decide you want to assess his executive functioning in a natural context. In particular, you want to assess his ability to make simple purchases at the grocery store. Which assessment would be the best choice for this scenario?

A) Continuous performance test
B) Do-eat
C) Multiple errands test
D) Executive function performance test

C

Accepted Answer

The Multiple Errands Test (MET) is designed to evaluate executive functioning in a naturalistic setting by simulating a shopping trip to the grocery store. It assesses the client's ability to plan, organize and complete a series of tasks in a time-limited and complex environment, which requires cognitive flexibility, problem-solving, decision-making and selective attention. The MET has high ecological validity and reliability and is widely used in clinical and research settings to assess executive functioning in various populations, including older adults and those with cognitive impairments.

Question 3

As a school employee, you are asked to work with a 7-year-old who has been having difficulty with school performance. You decide you want to administer an assessment that requires the child to engage in three tasks that assess task performance, executive functioning, and sensory-motor skills. Which assessment would be the best choice for this scenario?

A) Continuous performance test
B) Do-eat
C) Multiple errands test
D) Executive function performance test

B

Accepted Answer

The Do-Eat assessment is designed for children and evaluates task performance, executive functioning, and sensory-motor skills, making it suitable for assessing a 7-year-old's school performance difficulties.

Question 4

Ray is a 21-year-old college student who has been demonstrating an inability to sustain attention for extended periods of time. He states he notices this problem is worse at night when he is trying to study. Because of this inability to sustain attention he has been having difficulty completing assignments and his performance on examinations has been declining. Which aspect of attention does this best represent?

A) Automatic and controlled processing
B) Selective attention
C) Divided attention
D) Vigilance

Accepted Answer

Ray's difficulty in sustaining attention for extended periods of time, especially at night, suggests that he may have a problem with vigilance - the ability to maintain attention and stay alert over prolonged periods of time. This can make it difficult for him to focus on academic tasks and could contribute to declining performance on exams.

Question 5

Your client from the previous question has been working on her plan to secure a job as a peer support specialist. As she is exploring what she needs to do in this role, she recognizes that although she knows about mental illness, she is not familiar with psychosocial rehab and will need to engage in education to increase her knowledge and skills in this area. This best exemplifies which of the following skills related to executive function?

A) Problem-solving
B) Concept formation
C) Decision-making
D) Metacognition

Accepted Answer

Metacognition involves thinking about one's own learning and understanding, which is demonstrated by the client's recognition of her need for further education in psychosocial rehab to improve her skills for the job.

Question 6

Memory used to learn how to perform and interpret a range of motion evaluation as an occupational therapy student can best be described as ________________.&#10;A) Semantic memory&#10;B) Episodic memory&#10;C) Procedural memory&#10;D) Long-term memory

Accepted Answer

Procedural memory is responsible for knowing how to perform certain actions or skills, such as how to ride a bike or how to evaluate range of motion. This type of memory is formed through repeated practice and typically becomes automatic over time, meaning you don't have to consciously think about each step involved in the action or skill.

Question 7

Samuel is a 34-year-old who has been referred to you for impairments in cognition, specifically attention. When you meet him, you notice that he is easily distracted and appears to have difficulty focusing on relevant stimuli in the environment. Which aspect of attention does this best represent?

A) Automatic and controlled processing
B) Selective attention
C) Divided attention
D) Vigilance

Accepted Answer

Samuel's difficulty focusing on relevant stimuli in the environment suggests impairments in selective attention, which is the ability to filter out irrelevant stimuli and focus on relevant stimuli.

Question 8

Which of the following best describes cognitive awareness in individuals with lived experience with psychiatric disabilities?&#10;A) Individuals with schizophrenia have no awareness of their cognitive impairments.&#10;B) Individuals with schizophrenia are aware of their cognitive challenge.&#10;C) Individuals with schizophrenia are unable to describe the cognitive challenges they experience.&#10;D) Individuals with schizophrenia are aware of strategies they can use to overcome their cognitive impairments.

Accepted Answer

Individuals with lived experience with psychiatric disabilities, including schizophrenia, are typically aware of their cognitive challenges. They may struggle with memory, attention, and executive functioning, but they are generally able to recognize the impact of these impairments on their daily lives. However, this does not mean that they always have strategies to effectively manage these challenges.

Question 9

You have a client with depression who wants to return to work. After exploring her work-related interests, she indicates she wants to be a peer support specialist at the local psychosocial rehabilitation agency. With your guidance, she develops a plan to achieve her work-related goal. This best exemplifies which of the following skills related to executive function?

A) Problem-solving
B) Concept formation
C) Decision-making
D) Metacognition

Accepted Answer

Developing a plan to achieve a work-related goal involves problem-solving skills, specifically in identifying potential obstacles and strategizing ways to overcome them. While concept formation, decision-making, and metacognition may also play a role in this process, they are not as central to developing a concrete plan of action as problem-solving skills.

Deck 20: Cognition