Deck 20: Urinary System

Question 1

It is normal for freshly voided urine to contain a significant amount of bacteria.​

Answer 1

False

Question 2

What causes plasmalike fluid to flow from the blood in the glomerulus into Bowman's capsule?​

A) ​Increase in blood pressure in the capillaries
B) ​Hormonal secretions
C) ​Stimulation from the nerves
D) ​Level of salt in the blood

Answer 2

A

Question 3

Each kidney has more functional capacity than is ordinarily needed.​

Answer 3

True

Question 4

Salt retention in the body's tissues reduces the production of urine by _____.​

A) ​increasing the level of potassium
B) ​increasing the secretion of ADH
C) ​reducing the production of aldosterone
D) ​decreasing the permeability of the membrane in the collecting ducts

Question 5

Urine is moved down the ureters by means of gravity.​

Question 6

Urinary incontinence is frequently observed in the elderly.​

Question 7

The upper end of each ureter flares into a funnel-shaped structure known as the renal _____.​

A) ​pelvis
B) ​pyramid
C) ​papilla
D) ​column

Question 8

Loss of voluntary control over urination is called _____.​

A) ​neurogenic bladder
B) ​dialysis
C) ​incontinence
D) ​uremia

Question 9

Hormones play an important role in regulating the function of the urinary system.​

Question 10

Neurogenic bladder is a condition specifically related to aging.​

Question 11

Caffeine increases the loss of sodium ions,thus increasing the loss of water.​

Question 12

Excretion is the process of removing nitrogenous waste material,excess salts,and excess water from the body.​

Question 13

The process of adding certain substances to the urine so they can be excreted from the body is called _____.​

A) ​collection
B) ​reabsorption
C) ​secretion
D) ​urination

Question 14

The term used to describe getting up frequently during the night to urinate is _____.​

A) ​nocturia
B) ​polyuria
C) ​pyuria
D) ​oliguria

Question 15

Peritoneal dialysis is controlled mainly by patients.​

Question 16

The Bowman's capsule contains the _____.​

A) ​loop of Henle
B) ​collecting tubules
C) ​glomerulus
D) ​afferent arteriole

Question 17

Which organ performs the major role in excreting nitrogenous wastes and excess water from the body?​

A) ​Lungs
B) ​Colon
C) ​Skin
D) ​Kidneys

Question 18

How much of the fluid that comprises filtrate is reabsorbed into the bloodstream?​

A) ​15 percent
B) ​80 percent
C) ​90 percent
D) ​99 percent

Question 19

The kidneys share one ureter.​

Question 20

Which process is the first step in the formation of urine in the nephrons?​

A) ​Absorption
B) ​Filtration
C) ​Reabsorption
D) ​Secretion

Question 21

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​painful urination

Question 22

The processes that follow filtration and determine the final composition of urine are called ____________________ and ______________________.​

Question 23

The ____________________ is the basic structural and functional unit of the kidney.​

Question 24

The ______________________________ stores urine until about 1 pint is accumulated.​

Question 25

Which range indicates normal urinary output for a 24-hour period?​

A) ​1,000 to 1,500 ml
B) ​1,000 to 2,000 ml
C) ​1,500 to 2,000 ml
D) ​1,500 to 2,500 ml

Question 26

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​diminished production of urine

Question 27

The laboratory examination of urine is called ____________________.​

Question 28

The dosage levels of drugs prescribed for older adults must be adjusted to compensate for _____.​

A) ​decreased number of nephrons
B) ​loss of muscle tone in the urinary bladder
C) ​decline in filtration rate in the glomerulus
D) ​increased incidence of incontinence

Question 29

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​stones formed in the kidney

Question 30

Which condition is the most common cause of failure of kidney transplants?​

A) ​Rejection of the kidney by the recipient
B) ​Infection
C) ​Negative side effects of medications

Question 31

The term used to describe the limit of reabsorption of a specific substance is the ____________________.​

Question 32

Which is the correct sequence of the urine's pathway after it is formed and exits the body?​

A) ​Kidney,urethra,urinary bladder,ureter
B) ​Urinary bladder,ureter,kidney,urethra
C) ​Urinary bladder,kidney,ureter,urethra
D) ​Kidney,ureter,urinary bladder,urethra

Question 33

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​accumulation of fluid in the kidney

Question 34

A(n)____________________ is an opening between an artery and vein that provides an insertion site to enable dialysis treatments.​

Question 35

____________________ involves the passage of blood through a device with a semipermeable membrane to rid the blood of harmful wastes,extra salt,and water.​

Question 36

The ______________________________ is the external opening through which urine leaves the body.​

Question 37

Individuals whose kidneys have failed are treated with a process called _____.​

A) ​urinalysis
B) ​dialysis
C) ​percutaneous nephrolithotomy

Question 38

The sudden loss of function of the nephrons causes ______________________________.​

Question 39

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​frequent need to urinate

Question 40

____________________ increase urinary output by inhibiting the reabsorption of water.​

Question 41

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​inflammation of the lining of the urinary bladder

Question 42

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​gradual loss of nephron function

Question 43

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​inflammation of kidney tissue and renal pelvis

Question 44

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​retention of urea in the blood

Question 45

Match each condition with its definition.​
a.​oliguria
b.​anuria
c.​renal calculi
d.​hydronephrosis
e.​pyelonephritis
f.​polyuria
g.​cystitis
h.​dysuria
i.​chronic renal failure
j.​uremia
​lack of urine formation