Deck 3: Security Part I: Auditing Operating Systems and Networks

Question 1

To preserve audit trails in a computerized environment,transaction logs are permanent records of transactions.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Viruses rarely attach themselves to executable files.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

Electronic data interchange customers may be given access to the vendor's data files.

Answer 3

True

Question 4

A worm is software program that replicates itself in areas of idle memory until the system fails.

Question 5

The message authentication code is calculated by the sender and the receiver of a data transmission.

Question 6

The most frequent victims of program viruses are microcomputers.

Question 7

Firewalls are special materials used to insulate computer facilities

Question 8

Operating system controls are of interest to system professionals but should not concern accountants and auditors.

Question 9

Audit trails in computerized systems are comprised of two types of audit logs: detailed logs of individual keystrokes and event-oriented logs.

Question 10

Computer viruses usually spread throughout the system before being detected.

Question 11

Electronic data interchange translation software interfaces with the sending firm and the value added network.

Question 12

A firewall is a hardware partition designed to protect networks from power surges.

Question 13

A value added network can detect and reject transactions by unauthorized trading partners.

Question 14

A formal log-on procedure is the operating system's last line of defense against unauthorized access.

Question 15

The request-response technique should detect if a data communication transmission has been diverted.

Question 16

Disguising message packets to look as if they came from another user and to gain access to the host's network is called spooling.

Question 17

The audit trail for electronic data interchange transactions is stored on magnetic media.

Question 18

Operating system integrity is not of concern to accountants because only hardware risks are involved.

Question 19

In a computerized environment,the audit trail log must be printed onto paper documents.

Question 20

In a telecommunications environment,line errors can be detected by using an echo check.

Question 21

A factor that contributes to computer crime is the reluctance of many organizations to prosecute criminals for fear of negative publicity.

Question 22

In a hierarchical topology,network nodes communicate with each other via a central host computer.

Question 23

The intermediary in a smurf attack is also a victim.

Question 24

A distributed denial of service (DDoS)attack may take the form of a SYN flood but not a smurf attack.

Question 25

Only two types of motivation drive DoS attacks: 1)to punish an organization with which the perpetrator had a grievance; and 2)to gain bragging rights for being able to do it.

Question 26

A digital signature is a digital copy of the sender's actual signature that cannot be forged.

Question 27

The network paradox is that networks exist to provide user access to shared resources while one of its most important objectives is to control access.

Question 28

A network topology is the physical arrangement of the components of the network.

Question 29

The rules that make it possible for users of networks to communicate are called protocols.

Question 30

Cookies are files created by user computers and stored on Web servers.

Question 31

Because of network protocols,users of networks built by different manufacturers are able to communicate and share data.

Question 32

IP spoofing is a form of masquerading to gain unauthorized access to a Web server.

Question 33

The more individuals that need to exchange encrypted data,the greater the chance that the key will become known to an intruder. To overcome this problem,private key encryption was devised.

Question 34

The standard format for an e-mail address is DOMAIN NAME@USER NAME.

Question 35

Examining programmer authority tables for information about who has access to Data Definition Language commands will provide evidence about who is responsible for creating subschemas.

Question 36

The bus topology connects the nodes in parallel.

Question 37

A bus topology is less costly to install than a ring topology.

Question 38

Polling is one technique used to control data collisions.

Question 39

A smurf attack involves three participants: a zombie,an intermediary,and the victim.

Question 40

The client-server model can only be applied to ring and star topologies.

Question 41

Which method will render useless data captured by unauthorized receivers?

A) echo check
B) parity bit
C) public key encryption
D) message sequencing

Question 42

All of the following techniques are used to validate electronic data interchange transactions except

A) value added networks can compare passwords to a valid customer file before message transmission
B) prior to converting the message, the translation software of the receiving company can compare the password against a validation file in the firm's database
C) the recipient's application software can validate the password prior to processing
D) the recipient's application software can validate the password after the transaction has been processed

Question 43

A ping is an Internet maintenance tool that is used to test the state of network congestion and determine whether a particular host computer is connected and available on the network.

Question 44

Passwords are secret codes that users enter to gain access to systems.Security can be compromised by all of the following except

A) failure to change passwords on a regular basis
B) using obscure passwords unknown to others
C) recording passwords in obvious places
D) selecting passwords that can be easily detected by computer criminals

Question 45

In an electronic data interchange environment,customers routinely access

A) the vendor's price list file
B) the vendor's accounts payable file
C) the vendor's open purchase order file
D) none of the above

Question 46

A software program that replicates itself in areas of idle memory until the system fails is called a

A) Trojan horse
B) worm
C) logic bomb
D) none of the above

Question 47

Audit trails cannot be used to

A) detect unauthorized access to systems
B) facilitate reconstruction of events
C) reduce the need for other forms of security
D) promote personal accountability

Question 48

A software program that allows access to a system without going through the normal logon procedures is called a

A) logic bomb
B) Trojan horse
C) worm
D) back door

Question 49

A ping is used to test the state of network congestion and determine whether a particular host computer is connected and available on the network.

Question 50

The operating system performs all of the following tasks except

A) translates third-generation languages into machine language
B) assigns memory to applications
C) authorizes user access
D) schedules job processing

Question 51

Which of the following is considered an unintentional threat to the integrity of the operating system?

A) a hacker gaining access to the system because of a security flaw
B) a hardware flaw that causes the system to crash
C) a virus that formats the hard drive
D) the systems programmer accessing individual user files

Question 52

Which is not a biometric device?

A) password
B) retina prints
C) voice prints
D) signature characteristics

Question 53

Which control will not reduce the likelihood of data loss due to a line error?

A) echo check
B) encryption
C) vertical parity bit
D) horizontal parity bit

Question 54

Hackers can disguise their message packets to look as if they came from an authorized user and gain access to the host's network using a technique called

A) spoofing.
B) spooling.
C) dual-homed.
D) screening.

Question 55

Which method is most likely to detect unauthorized access to the system?

A) message transaction log
B) data encryption standard
C) vertical parity check
D) request-response technique

Question 56

HTML tags are customized to delimit attributes,the content of which can be read and processed by computer applications.

Question 57

All of the following are objectives of operating system control except

A) protecting the OS from users
B) protesting users from each other
C) protecting users from themselves
D) protecting the environment from users

Question 58

All of the following will reduce the exposure to computer viruses except

A) install antivirus software
B) install factory-sealed application software
C) assign and control user passwords
D) install public-domain software from reputable bulletin boards

Question 59

Audit objectives for communications controls include all of the following except

A) detection and correction of message loss due to equipment failure
B) prevention and detection of illegal access to communication channels
C) procedures that render intercepted messages useless
D) all of the above

Question 60

All of the following tests of controls will provide evidence that adequate computer virus control techniques are in place and functioning except

A) verifying that only authorized software is used on company computers
B) reviewing system maintenance records
C) confirming that antivirus software is in use
D) examining the password policy including a review of the authority table

Question 61

An integrated group of programs that supports the applications and facilitates their access to specified resources is called a (an)

A) operating system.
B) database management system.
C) utility system
D) facility system.
E) object system.

Question 62

Which of the following deal with transaction legitimacy?

A) transaction authorization and validation
B) access controls
C) EDI audit trail
D) all of the above

Question 63

Network protocols fulfill all of the following objectives except

A) facilitate physical connection between network devices
B) provide a basis for error checking and measuring network performance
C) promote compatibility among network devices
D) result in inflexible standards

Question 64

Transmitting numerous SYN packets to a targeted receiver,but NOT responding to an ACK,is

A) a smurf attack.
B) IP Spoofing.
C) an ACK echo attack
D) a ping attack.
E) none of the above

Question 65

When auditors examine and test the call-back feature,they are testing which audit objective?

A) incompatible functions have been segregated
B) application programs are protected from unauthorized access
C) physical security measures are adequate to protect the organization from natural disaster
D) illegal access to the system is prevented and detected

Question 66

In determining whether a system is adequately protected from attacks by computer viruses,all of the following policies are relevant except

A) the policy on the purchase of software only from reputable vendors
B) the policy that all software upgrades are checked for viruses before they are implemented
C) the policy that current versions of antivirus software should be available to all users
D) the policy that permits users to take files home to work on them

Question 67

Which of the following is true?

A) Deep Packet Inspection uses a variety of analytical and statistical techniques to evaluate the contents of message packets.
B) An Intrusion prevention system works in parallel with a firewall at the perimeter of the network to act as a filer that removes malicious packets from the flow before they can affect servers and networks.
C) A distributed denial of service attack is so named because it is capable of attacking many victims simultaneously who are distributed across the internet.
D) None of the above are true statements.

Question 68

To physically connect a workstation to a LAN requires a

A) file server
B) network interface card
C) multiplexer
D) bridge

Question 69

Which of the following is not a test of access controls?

A) biometric controls
B) encryption controls
C) backup controls
D) inference controls

Question 70

In an electronic data interchange environment,customers routinely

A) access the vendor's accounts receivable file with read/write authority
B) access the vendor's price list file with read/write authority
C) access the vendor's inventory file with read-only authority
D) access the vendor's open purchase order file with read-only authority

Question 71

Packet switching

A) combines the messages of multiple users into one packet for transmission. At the receiving end, the packet is disassembled into the individual messages and distributed to the intended users.
B) is a method for partitioning a database into packets for easy access where no identifiable primary user exists in the organization.
C) is used to establish temporary connections between network devices for the duration of a communication session.
D) is a denial of service technique that disassembles various incoming messages to targeted users into small packages and then reassembles them in random order to create a useless garbled message.

Question 72

All of the following are designed to control exposures from subversive threats except

A) firewalls
B) one-time passwords
C) field interrogation
D) data encryption

Question 73

Many techniques exist to reduce the likelihood and effects of data communication hardware failure.One of these is

A) hardware access procedures
B) antivirus software
C) parity checks
D) data encryption

Question 74

Firewalls are

A) special materials used to insulate computer facilities
B) a system that enforces access control between two networks
C) special software used to screen Internet access
D) none of the above

Question 75

What do you call a system of computers that connects the internal users of an organization that is distributed over a wide geographic area?

A) LAN
B) decentralized network
C) multidrop network
D) Intranet

Question 76

In an electronic data interchange (EDI)environment,when the auditor compares the terms of the trading partner agreement against the access privileges stated in the database authority table,the auditor is testing which audit objective?

A) all EDI transactions are authorized
B) unauthorized trading partners cannot gain access to database records
C) authorized trading partners have access only to approved data
D) a complete audit trail is maintained

Question 77

Audit objectives in the electronic data interchange (EDI)environment include all of the following except

A) all EDI transactions are authorized
B) unauthorized trading partners cannot gain access to database records
C) a complete audit trail of EDI transactions is maintained
D) backup procedures are in place and functioning properly

Question 78

One advantage of network technology is

A) bridges and gateways connect one workstation with another workstation
B) the network interface card permits different networks to share data
C) file servers permit software and data to be shared with other network users
D) a universal topology facilitates the transfer of data among networks

Question 79

Advance encryption standard (AES)is

A) a 64 -bit private key encryption technique
B) a 128-bit private key encryption technique
C) a 128-bit public key encryption technique
D) a 256-bit public encryption technique that has become a U.S. government standard

Question 80

In an electronic data interchange environment,the audit trail

A) is a printout of all incoming and outgoing transactions
B) is an electronic log of all transactions received, translated, and processed by the system
C) is a computer resource authority table
D) consists of pointers and indexes within the database