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In areas of permafrost, stands of black spruce are frequently observed in the landscape, whereas other tree species are noticeably absent. Often these stands are referred to as "drunken forests" because many of the black spruce are displaced from their normal vertical alignment.
-What might be the adaptive significance of these unusual forests growing the way they do in this marginal habitat?
A) Needles are adapted to withstand cold arctic temperatures.
B) Branches are adapted to absorb more CO2 with this displaced alignment.
C) Taproot formation is impossible, so trees developed shallow root beds and easily tilt.
D) Trees are tilted so that snow won't break them or tip them over.
E) Trees tip so that they do not compete with each other for sunlight.

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Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The permafrost prevents deep root penetration, leading to shallow root systems that cause the trees to tilt.

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