The importance of effortful processing for long-term retention of memories is best illustrated by
A) the testing effect.
B) implicit memory.
C) classically conditioned associations.
D) iconic memory.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The testing effect refers to the idea that actively retrieving information from memory through testing or quizzing oneself leads to better long-term retention compared to simply studying the material repeatedly. This highlights the importance of effortful processing, as actively engaging with the material requires more effort than simply passively reading it. Implicit memory refers to retention of information without conscious awareness or intentional effort, so it is not relevant here. Classically conditioned associations involve automatic learning that occurs without conscious effort, so again, effortful processing is not the focus. Iconic memory refers to very brief visual memory (less than one second), which is not related to long-term retention of memories.

The Importance of Effortful Processing for Long-Term Retention of Memories