__________ is a situation in which existing knowledge of language biases one's reasoning about what one is hearing.
A)Veracity effect
B)Top-down bias
C)Representativeness
D)Confirmation bias

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Top-down bias is when our existing knowledge, expectations, and context influence how we process and interpret incoming information. In the context of language, our knowledge of grammar and syntax can bias our interpretation of what someone is saying, leading us to make assumptions about their meaning even when their words may be ambiguous. For example, if someone says "I saw her duck," we might interpret this as "I saw her (the person) quickly lower her head," rather than "I saw the bird she owns."

__________ Is a Situation in Which Existing Knowledge of Language