Expectations of gender differences can create gender differences in cognitive performance.

Question

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This phenomenon is known as stereotype threat, where the belief that one's gender is associated with certain cognitive abilities can lead individuals to underperform on tasks that are supposedly outside their abilities. Studies have shown that when individuals are reminded of negative gender stereotypes, their performance on cognitive tasks decreases, suggesting that societal expectations can indeed create gender differences in cognitive performance.

Expectations of Gender Differences Can Create Gender Differences in Cognitive