Classical conditioning and operant conditioning differ from each other in that operant conditioning
A) involves reflexive or involuntary behavior.
B) occurs independently of behavior.
C) occurs only if the response being conditioned has been emitted.
D) is not contingent on the occurrence of a response.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

In operant conditioning, the response being conditioned must be emitted by the organism in order for conditioning to occur. This is in contrast to classical conditioning, where a reflexive or involuntary response is conditioned through the pairing of a neutral stimulus with an unconditioned stimulus. Therefore, choices A, B, and D do not accurately describe operant conditioning.

Classical Conditioning and Operant Conditioning Differ from Each Other in That