Which of the following is correct for the condensation of gaseous ammonia at -38°C? The normal boiling point of ammonia is -33°C. A) ($\Delta$H) 0,and $\Delta$G 0. B) ($\Delta$H)

Question

Which of the following is correct for the condensation of gaseous ammonia at -38°C? The normal boiling point of ammonia is -33°C. A) ($\Delta$H) < 0,$\Delta$S > 0,and $\Delta$G > 0. B) ($\Delta$H) < 0,$\Delta$S < 0,and $\Delta$G < 0. C) ($\Delta$H) > 0,$\Delta$S < 0,and $\Delta$G < 0. D) ($\Delta$H) = 0,$\Delta$S = 0,and $\Delta$G < 0. E) ($\Delta$H) > 0,$\Delta$S > 0,and $\Delta$G > 0.

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The process described involves the condensation of gaseous ammonia at a temperature below its normal boiling point. This means that the process is exothermic (releasing heat) as energy is being removed from the system (the gaseous ammonia) in the form of heat. Therefore, (ΔH) < 0. 
The entropy change (ΔS) is negative because the gas phase has more entropy than the liquid phase. Finally, the Gibbs free energy change (ΔG) is also negative because the process is spontaneous at this temperature (below the boiling point). 
So, the correct choice is (B) because it reflects all these aspects: (ΔH) < 0, (ΔS) < 0 and (ΔG) < 0.

Which of the Following Is Correct for the Condensation of Gaseous