Null hypothesis significance testing uses the laws of probability to estimate the likelihood of an outcome assuming that
A)the null hypothesis is false.
B)an effect is present.
C)only chance factors caused the outcome.
D)the independent variable workeD.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Null hypothesis significance testing assumes that only chance factors, rather than the independent variable, caused the outcome. The test calculates the probability of obtaining such an outcome by chance alone, given a specific level of significance. If this probability (p-value) is very low (usually below 0.05), the null hypothesis is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (that there is a real effect) is supported. If the p-value is not low enough, the null hypothesis is not rejected, but this does not mean that the null hypothesis is true or that the effect is absent – it only means that the test did not provide enough evidence to reject it.

Null Hypothesis Significance Testing Uses the Laws of Probability to Estimate