For the purposes of the Ariel et al.(2015)study,"use of force" was coded as being present on any occasion that a police verbal confrontation with a citizen escalated to the point of
A) shouting back-and-forth.
B) any physical contact.
C) the citizen being restrained by the officer.
D) shots fired.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

According to the study, "use of force" was coded as being present on any occasion that involved any physical contact between police and citizens. This indicates that the correct choice is B.

For the Purposes of the Ariel Et Al