When a person remembers or notices only things that confirm his or her expectations and forgets the rest, he or she is experiencing
A)the Barnum Effect.
B)the fallacy of positive instances.
C)the astrologer's dilemma.
D)uncritical acceptance.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The phenomenon described in the question is known as the fallacy of positive instances. This is a cognitive bias where people tend to remember or emphasize information that confirms their pre-existing beliefs or expectations, while ignoring or forgetting information that contradicts them. It can lead to distortions in perception, memory, and reasoning, and can contribute to the formation and maintenance of stereotypes, prejudices, and conspiracy theories. The Barnum Effect refers to the tendency of people to accept vague, general, or ambiguous statements as accurate descriptions of themselves or their personalities, while the astrologer's dilemma refers to the challenge of making accurate predictions based on incomplete or insufficient information. Uncritical acceptance is a related concept that refers to the tendency of people to accept claims or ideas without questioning or verifying their validity, often out of deference to perceived authority or consensus.

When a Person Remembers or Notices Only Things That Confirm