Cyberwarfare has led to debates about when using force in retaliation against a cyberattack is allowed under international law because
A) cyberattacks are more dangerous than attacks with conventional weapons.
B) cyberattacks do not target national infrastructures,and so retaliation is not justified.
C) powerful states are not vulnerable to cyberattacks,so retaliation is not justified.
D) the UN Charter only authorizes actions in self-defense if an "armed attack" has occurred.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The UN Charter only allows for the use of force in self-defense if an "armed attack" has occurred. Since cyberattacks may not involve the use of conventional weapons, the question arises as to whether they could be considered an armed attack under international law. This has led to debates on the use of force in retaliation against cyberattacks.

Cyberwarfare Has Led to Debates About When Using Force in Retaliation