In Pavlov's experiments, the meat powder (food)placed on the dog's tongue was the conditioned stimulus.

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In Pavlov's experiments, the meat powder (food) was the unconditioned stimulus, as it naturally elicited salivation without any prior conditioning. The conditioned stimulus was the neutral stimulus (e.g., a bell sound) that, after being paired with the unconditioned stimulus (meat powder), came to elicit the conditioned response (salivation) on its own.

In Pavlov's Experiments, the Meat Powder (Food)placed on the Dog's