The following questions refer to the description below.
On the volcanic, equatorial West African island of Sao Tomé, two species of fruit fly exist. Drosophila yakuba inhabits the island's lowlands, and is also found on the African mainland, located about 200 miles away. At higher elevations, and found only on Sao Tomé, is found the very closely related Drosophila santomea. The two species can hybridize, though male hybrids are sterile. A hybrid zone exists at middle elevations, though hybrids there are greatly outnumbered by D. santomea. Studies of the two species' nuclear genomes reveal that D. yakuba on the island is more closely related to mainland D. yakuba than to D. santomea (2n=4 in both species). Sao Tomé rose from the Atlantic Ocean about 14 million years ago.
-If a speciation event occurred on Sao Tomé, producing D. santomea from a parent colony of D. yakuba, then which terms apply?
I. macroevolution
II. allopatric speciation
III. sympatric speciation
A)I only
B)II only
C)I & II
D)I & III

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The description suggests that a speciation event occurred on Sao Tomé, producing D. santomea from a parent colony of D. yakuba. This event likely involved sympatric speciation, as the two species are found in the same geographic location and can hybridize. This event also qualifies as macroevolution, as it involves the emergence of a new species. Allopatric speciation, which involves the physical separation of populations, does not seem to be the best fit for this scenario.

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