A condition that is temporarily applied to a table or query to hide all unmatching records is called a filter.

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A filter is a temporary condition that is applied to a table or query to restrict the display of records to only those that meet certain criteria. The filter hides all unmatching records to help narrow down the focus and make it easier to work with the data. Once the filter is removed, all records will be visible again.

A Condition That Is Temporarily Applied to a Table or Query