In a case of heterozygote advantage, it must be assumed that an allele has more than one effect on the phenotype of an organism.

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In heterozygote advantage, the heterozygous genotype has a higher fitness than either homozygous genotype. This can only occur if the allele has more than one effect on the phenotype, as one effect must be beneficial in the homozygous state and another effect must be beneficial in the heterozygous state.

In a Case of Heterozygote Advantage, It Must Be Assumed