Cause and effect statements between the independent and dependent variable are strongest when
A) the distributions of the dependent variable are normal
B) participants have been assigned randomly to conditions
C) the distributions of the dependent variable have equal variances
D) there are three or more levels of the independent variable.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Random assignment of participants to conditions helps to ensure that any differences observed in the dependent variable are due to the manipulation of the independent variable, rather than other confounding variables. This strengthens the cause-and-effect relationship between the independent and dependent variables.

Cause and Effect Statements Between the Independent and Dependent Variable