Which of the Following Is an Example of Basic Research

Which of the following is an example of basic research?

A) conducting animal testing to determine if a product contains irritants
B) soft drink bottlers testing consumer reactions to their advertisements
C) a statistician calculating the odds of winning a promotional sweepstakes that a company is running
D) a catalog sales company timing its operators to see how many calls each is handling per day
E) a chemist building a mathematical model of the atmosphere of Jupiter