In correlational studies,there is ambiguity as to which variable is the cause and which variable is the effect.This phenomenon is known as:
A) observer bias
B) experimenter expectancy effects
C) the directionality problem
D) the third variable problem

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

The directionality problem refers to the ambiguity in correlational studies as to which variable is the cause and which variable is the effect. Observer bias and experimenter expectancy effects refer to potential biases in data collection and interpretation, while the third variable problem refers to the possibility that a third variable is influencing the relationship between the two variables being studied.

In Correlational Studies,there Is Ambiguity as to Which Variable Is