Holding a participant variable constant has the double advantage of (1) preventing the variable from becoming a confounding variable and (2) reducing variance within groups.

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Holding a participant variable constant helps to control for its influence on the outcome variable, thus preventing it from becoming a confounding variable. Additionally, by reducing variance within groups, it increases the power to detect group differences on the outcome variable.

Holding a Participant Variable Constant Has the Double Advantage of (1)