Which of the following is a (are)factor(s)that can affect the validity of observations in observational research
A)whether people being observed have anonymity or not
B)the expectations of the observer
C)the conditions under which the observations are made
D)all of the answers are factors that can affect the validity of observations

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

All the options listed (anonymity of participants, observer expectations, and conditions of observations) can influence the validity of observations in research. Anonymity can affect participant behavior, observer expectations can lead to bias, and the conditions under which observations are made can influence both the observer and the observed, thereby affecting the validity of the observations.

Which of the Following Is a (Are)factor(s)that Can Affect the Validity