Considering the pathophysiologic process of postmenopausal osteoporosis,which changes are believed to play a significant role in the development of age-related bone loss?
A) Increased oxidative stress and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species
B) Hypoparathyroidism
C) Increased body weight
D) Decreased formation and short life span of osteoclasts

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Postmenopausal osteoporosis occurs in middle-aged and older women.It can occur because of estrogen deficiency,as well as estrogen-independent,age-related mechanisms (e.g.,secondary causes such as hyperparathyroidism and decreased mechanical stimulation).Recent studies indicate that increased oxidative stress (OS)and increased intracellular reactive oxygen species (ROS)play significant roles in the development of age-related bone loss,as well as other age-related changes in the body.Hormonal deficiency also can increase with stress,excessive exercise,and low body weight.Increased formation and longevity of osteoclasts results in increased bone resorption and is associated with a cascade of proinflammatory cytokines.

Considering the Pathophysiologic Process of Postmenopausal Osteoporosis,which Changes Are Believed