If an F statistic is negative, which of these is true?
A) The within-groups variance exceeds the between-groups variance.
B) The difference among the group means is greater than what would have occurred by chance.
C) There has been a calculation error.
D) The difference among the group means is less than what would have occurred by chance.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

F statistics are always non-negative because they are calculated as a ratio of variances, which are non-negative values. A negative F statistic indicates a mistake in calculation.

If an F Statistic Is Negative, Which of These Is