The First Stage of Professional Theory Development Is Usually Confusing

The first stage of professional theory development is usually confusing because:

A) most entry level students are not yet capable of comprehending the intricacies of classic counseling theories.
B) most students entering counseling programs already have a practical theory of helping.
C) within a brief period of time, students are inundated with a wide variety of theoretical perspectives.
D) all of the above.