Causation cannot be inferred from correlational studies because
A)they are so low in external validity.
B)they do not involve the manipulation of variables.
C)they are always conducted outside of the research lab.
D)researchers have too much control over the variables in correlational research.

Question

Quizplus · Accepted Answer

Correlational studies do not involve the manipulation of variables, which is necessary to establish a cause-and-effect relationship. They only identify whether a relationship exists between variables, not whether one variable causes changes in another.

Causation Cannot Be Inferred from Correlational Studies Because