Johann and Wilson Work at the Same Company and Have

Johann and Wilson work at the same company and have similar jobs.Johann volunteers for all sorts of projects and often stays late,because promotion is important to him.Wilson works the minimum number of hours required to stay employed,because making enough money to maintain his modest lifestyle is all that matters to him.Johann believes that the harder he works and the more time he commits to his job,the sooner he will be promoted.This is represented by the equation Motivation =

A) self-actualization X (times) instinct.
B) set point X (times) value theory.
C) progression X (times) regression.
D) expectancy X (times) incentive value.