Deck 24: Nonmetallic Elements and Their Compounds

Question 1

Which of these hydrides is the most ionic?

A)LiH
B)NaH
C)CH₄
D)NH₃
E)RbH

Answer 1

RbH

Question 2

Which of these elements occupies a position on the periodic table that is not entirely consistent with its chemical properties?

A)H
B)He
C)Ar
D)Al
E)U

Answer 2

H

Question 3

What process involves the addition of a hydrogen molecule to compounds containing multiple bonds?

A)Hydration
B)Alkanation
C)Hydrogenation
D)Esterification
E)Coagulation

Answer 3

Hydrogenation

Question 4

Hydrogen forms metallic (interstitial)hydrides with the d and f transition elements.Which of the following statements is correct?

A)These substances have distinct stoichiometric formulas like ionic hydrides.
B)Hydrogen forms bonds with the metals by donating its electron to the valence band of the metal.
C)Hydrogen molecules and atoms occupy holes within the crystal structure of the metal.
D)These substances are poor catalysts.
E)These hydrides are stabilized by hydrogen bonding forces.

Question 5

Nitrous oxide,N₂O,is

A)a brown poisonous gas that is one of the chemicals involved in the production of photochemical smog.
B)a colorless gas used in the production of nitric acid.
C)a gas that supports combustion.
D)an allotrope of nitrogen.
E)a paramagnetic gas.

Question 6

Carbon combines with metals to form which of the following ionic compounds?

A)Organo metal complex ions
B)Carbides
C)Carbonates
D)Oxides
E)Carbon cannot bond to metals.

Question 7

The term catenation describes the

A)tendency of carbon atoms to form cations in the presence of alkali metals.
B)process of creating synthetic gas from coal.
C)extraction of precious metals with sodium or potassium cyanide.
D)ability of carbon atoms to form long chains and rings.
E)interaction of Group 4A elements with Group 8A elements at high pressures and temperatures to form coordination compounds.

Question 8

Which of these elements is the most abundant in the universe?

A)Hydrogen
B)Nitrogen
C)Carbon
D)Oxygen
E)Sodium

Question 9

Air is made up of approximately 80% of which of the following?

A)Hydrogen
B)Nitrogen
C)Carbon
D)Oxygen
E)Helium

Question 10

Which of these substances is being considered as a replacement fuel for gasoline?

A)D₂O
B)H₂
C)NO₂
D)F₂
E)He

Question 11

Which of these elements is a solid at room temperature?

A)Hydrogen
B)Nitrogen
C)Bromine
D)Sulfur
E)Chlorine

Question 12

What are the products of the reaction of strontium hydride and water? SrH₂(s)+ H₂O(l)→

A)Sr²⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)+ O₂(g)
B)Sr²⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)+ OH^-(aq)
C)Sr(s)+ H₂(g)+ OH^-(aq)
D)Sr(s)+ H₃O⁺(aq)
E)Sr²⁺(aq)+ H^-(aq)

Question 13

What is one chemical formula of the carbide ion?

A)Si^4-
B)C₂^-
C)C₂^2-
D)CN^-
E)C₃^-

Question 14

Which of these species is not an acidic oxide?

A)P₄O₁₀
B)P₄O₆
C)SO₃
D)CO
E)SiO₂

Question 15

Which of these is isoelectronic with the hydride ion?

A)Hydrogen
B)Nitrogen
C)Carbon
D)Lithium
E)Helium

Question 16

Which of these elements is a liquid at room temperature?

A)Hydrogen
B)Nitrogen
C)Bromine
D)Sulfur
E)Phosphorus

Question 17

Which of the following elements is essential to life because it is a component of proteins and nucleic acids?

A)Phosphorus
B)Sulfur
C)Chlorine
D)Bromine
E)Nitrogen

Question 18

What are the products of the reaction of potassium hydride and water? KH(s)+ H₂O(l)→

A)K(s)+ H₂(g)+ OH^-(aq)
B)K(s)+ H₂(g)+ O₂(g)
C)KOH(s)+ O₂(g)
D)K⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)+ O₂(g)
E)K⁺(aq)+ H₂(g)+ OH^-(aq)

Question 19

One important feature of the chemistry of carbon is

A)its large radius that allows other atoms to fit easily around it.
B)its low electronegativity that allows it to ionize easily.
C)its amphoteric behavior.
D)its ability to form multiple bonds with hydrogen.
E)its ability to catenate.

Question 20

Silicon carbide is an important industrial chemical.Which of the following statements about silicon carbide is true?

A)It will react with water to form acetylene.
B)It is used in the preparation of glass which can be used at high temperature.
C)It is the hardest known substance.
D)It is a naturally occurring mineral source of silicon.
E)It is used for cutting,grinding,and polishing metals and glasses.

Question 21

The strongest elemental oxidizing agents are found in the _________ _________ region of the periodic table while the strongest reducing agents are found in the ________ ________ region of the periodic table.

A)upper left,lower right
B)upper right,lower left
C)lower left,upper right
D)lower right,upper left
E)transition element,main group

Question 22

The nitrate anion is

A)a strong acid.
B)a strong base.
C)amphoteric.
D)a strong reducing agent.
E)a strong oxidizing agent.

Question 23

The chemical that ranks first in production among all industrial chemicals is

A)NH₃,ammonia.
B)H₃PO₄,phosphoric acid.
C)NaOH,sodium hydroxide.
D)Na₂CO₃,sodium carbonate.
E)H₂SO₄,sulfuric acid.

Question 24

Arsenic,As,is

A)an essential element in the human body.
B)toxic because it results in an increase in the production of ATP.
C)toxic because it binds to the sulfhydryl group in proteins and enzymes.
D)used in high concentrations in ancient cosmetics.
E)None of these choices is correct.

Question 25

Which of the following is the strongest acid?

A)HClO₃
B)HBrO₃
C)HIO₃
D)HIO₂
E)HClO

Question 26

Which oxide is an amphoteric oxide?

A)Na₂O
B)Al₂O₃
C)BaO
D)SiO₂
E)More that one of these oxides are amphoteric.

Question 27

In their elemental forms,the halogens are

A)strong oxidizing agents.
B)strong reducing agents.
C)strong acids.
D)strong bases.
E)amphoteric.

Question 28

What products are formed from the reaction of Cl₂(g)with I^-(aq)?

A)ICl
B)ICl₂
C)ICl₃
D)I₂ and Cl^-
E)I and Cl^2-

Question 29

Sulfur hexafluoride,SF₆,is

A)a reactive gas that decomposes when exposed to moisture.
B)a reactive gas used to fluorinate organic compounds.
C)an inert gas that is used as an electrical insulator.
D)a reactant in the process of manufacturing non-stick coatings.
E)used in the manufacture of sulfuric acid.

Question 30

Hydrogen peroxide,H₂O₂,is

A)a strong reducing agent.
B)used as a drying agent.
C)a colored liquid with a low boiling point.
D)a strong acid.
E)a component of rocket fuel.

Question 31

Which of the following compounds is not a common phosphorus-containing oxoacid?

A)H₃PO₄
B)H₅P₃O₁₀
C)H₃PO₃
D)H₃PO₂
E)H₃P₂O₇

Question 32

Which halogen does not form compounds with both positive and negative oxidation states?

A)Chlorine
B)Fluorine
C)Iodine
D)Bromine
E)Astatine

Question 33

Which of the following elements can be oxidized by nitric acid to form its corresponding oxoacid?

A)Sulfur
B)Gold
C)Phosphorus
D)A and C
E)A and B

Question 34

Which of the following is not a product of the reaction of zinc metal with nitric acid?

A)NH₄⁺
B)H₂O
C)H₂
D)Zn²⁺
E)All of the species are products.

Question 35

Which,if any,of the following generalized formulas does not exist for interhalogen compounds? (X and Y represent different halogens.)

A)XY
B)XY₂
C)XY₃
D)XY₅
E)All may represent stable interhalogen compounds.

Question 36

Which of the following is a commercial application of phosphate compounds?

A)Detergents
B)Toothpaste
C)Fertilizers
D)Flame retardants
E)All of the answers are correct.

Question 37

Which of the following is an accurate comparison of the properties of nitrogen and oxygen?

A)Both oxygen and nitrogen form anions easily.
B)Oxygen is a strong oxidizing agent while nitrogen is a strong reducing agent.
C)Nitrogen uses more oxidation states in its compounds than oxygen does.
D)Nitrogen is more reactive than oxygen.
E)Nitrogen does not form naturally occurring compounds,but oxygen does.

Question 38

Hydrogen fluoride is used

A)in the manufacture of steel.
B)in the synthesis of cryolite for aluminum production.
C)as an oxidizing agent.
D)as a disinfectant.
E)as a mouthwash.

Question 39

Which of the following has the most allotropes?

A)Carbon
B)Sulfur
C)Oxygen
D)Selenium
E)Nitrogen

Question 40

What products are formed from the reaction of H₂O(l)with ClF₅(l)?

A)HClO₂(aq)and HF(aq)
B)HClO₃(aq)and HF(aq)
C)HClO(aq)and HF(aq)
D)HCl(aq)and HF(aq)
E)HClO(aq)and HFO(aq)

Question 41

What element is the most abundant by mass in Earth's crust?

A)Fe
B)H
C)K
D)P
E)O

Question 42

Which two electron configurations represent elements that would have similar chemical properties? (1)1s²2s²2p⁴
(2)1s²2s²2p⁵
(3)[Ar]4s²3d¹⁰4p³
(4)[Ar]4s²3d¹⁰4p⁴

A)(1)and (3)
B)(1)and (4)
C)(2)and (3)
D)(1)and (2)
E)(3)and (4)

Question 43

What is the general electron configuration for atoms of the halogen group?

A)ns²np⁶
B)ns¹
C)ns²np⁷
D)ns²(n -1)d⁷
E)ns²np⁵

Question 44

Which of these choices is the electron configuration for the chloride ion?

A)[Ne]3s²3p⁵
B)[Ne]3s²3p⁷
C)[Ne]3s²3p⁴
D)[Ar]4s¹
E)[Ar]

Question 45

What is the charge on the monatomic ion of nitrogen,the nitride ion?

A)-3
B)+2
C)-1
D)-2
E)+1

Question 46

Chlorine gas is prepared commercially by the

A)electrolysis of carbon tetrachloride.
B)oxidation of chloride ion with F₂(g).
C)electrolysis of NaCl(aq).
D)oxidation of chloride ion with Br₂(aq).
E)electrolysis of AlCl₃(aq).

Question 47

Which of these pairs consists of isoelectronic species?

A)Zn²⁺ and Cu²⁺
B)Cl^- and S
C)Na⁺ and K⁺
D)Mn²⁺ and Ar
E)K⁺ and Cl^-

Question 48

The presence of ozone in the upper atmosphere is important because

A)O₃ absorbs outgoing radiation from the earth's surface,thus helping to keep the earth warm.
B)O₃ absorbs harmful solar radiation.
C)O₃ dissolves in water droplets and is very reactive.
D)O₃ is a major reactant in photosynthesis.

Question 49

The main commercial source of bromine is

A)silver bromide ore.
B)seawater.
C)the Frasch process.
D)phosphate rock.
E)the Ostwald process.

Question 50

Which of these compounds is most likely to be covalent?

A)CS₂
B)MgI₂
C)CaO
D)Rb₂S
E)SrCl₂

Question 51

Ozone (O₃)and oxygen gas (O₂)are examples of

A)isotopes.
B)allotropes.
C)polymorphs.
D)alloys.
E)amphoterism.

Question 52

Which of these compounds is most likely to be covalent?

A)CaO
B)CsOH
C)LiF
D)Sr(NO₃)₂
E)NF₃

Question 53

Which one of these species exists as a diatomic element at room temperature?

A)Na
B)N
C)B
D)Ar
E)P

Question 54

What is the general electron configuration for atoms of all elements in Group 5A?

A)ns²np¹
B)ns²np⁶
C)ns²np⁵
D)ns²np³
E)ns²np⁴

Question 55

What group of the periodic table is the element with the electron configuration [Ar]4s²3d¹⁰4p²?

A)4A
B)3A
C)5A
D)2A
E)6A

Question 56

Which of these has a nonpolar covalent bond (i.e.,pure covalent)?

A)Se-I
B)Na-Br
C)H-F
D)Cl-Cl
E)H-Cl

Question 57

Which of these is a polar covalent bond?

A)Na-Cl
B)Br-Br
C)P-Cl
D)All of the choices are polar covalent bonds.
E)None of these choices is a polar covalent bond.

Question 58

Which of these choices is the electron configuration of a sulfide ion?

A)[Ne]
B)[Ne]3s²3p²
C)[Ar]
D)[Ne]3s²3p¹
E)[Ne]3s²3p⁴

Question 59

Which of these atoms is the most electronegative?

A)Si
B)Cl
C)P
D)F
E)C

Question 60

How many valence electrons does a carbon atom have?

A)2
B)1
C)6
D)3
E)4

Question 61

What type of bond is the C - Cl bond in CCl₄?

A)Nonpolar covalent
B)Ionic
C)Polar covalent
D)Polar ionic
E)Coordinate covalent

Question 62

What is the formal charge on the oxygen atom in N₂O (the atomic order is N-N-O)with a triple bond between the two N atoms and a single bond between N and O?

A)-2
B)+2
C)0
D)-1
E)+1

Question 63

What is the formal charge on sulfur in the best Lewis structure for the SCN^-?

A)+2
B)-2
C)-1
D)+1
E)0

Question 64

How many covalent bonds will a nitrogen atom usually form?

A)8
B)2
C)5
D)3
E)1

Question 65

What is the formal charge on the singly bonded oxygens in the Lewis structure for the carbonate ion?

A)-1
B)0
C)-2
D)+2
E)+1

Question 66

What is the formal charge on the central nitrogen atom in N₂O?

A)-1
B)+2
C)0
D)-2
E)+1

Question 67

Which of these substances will have a Lewis structure with an incomplete octet?

A)SO₂
B)CO
C)NO
D)Br₂
E)CO₂

Question 68

What is the formal charge on the bromine atom in BrO₃^-?

A)+2
B)-2
C)0
D)-1
E)+1

Question 69

The chlor-alkali process produces chlorine,Cl₂(g),in large quantities.What other industrially important substances are produced in this process?

A)Na(s),H₂(g)
B)H₂(g),O₂(g)
C)Hg(l),NaCl(s)
D)Na(s),O₂(g)
E)NaOH(aq),H₂(g)

Question 70

How many lone electron pairs are in the N₂ molecule?

A)1
B)4
C)3
D)5
E)2

Question 71

Which of the following is a metalloid?

A)Al
B)Sn
C)As
D)Se
E)Bi

Question 72

Which would exhibit characteristics of both a metal and a nonmetal?

A)Si
B)Ge
C)Sb
D)Po
E)All of the exhibit characteristics of both a metal and a nonmetal.

Question 73

Which of these elements is most likely to exhibit an expanded octet in its compounds?

A)C
B)O
C)N
D)S
E)Na

Question 74

What type of bond is the O-H bond in CH₃OH?

A)Nonpolar covalent
B)Ionic
C)Coordinate covalent
D)Polar ionic
E)Polar covalent

Question 75

What is the total number of lone pairs in NCl₃?

A)8
B)13
C)6
D)10
E)9

Question 76

What is the formal charge on the iodine atom in the iodate ion,IO₃^-?

A)+1
B)-1
C)0
D)-2
E)+2

Question 77

Which of these compounds does not follow the octet rule?

A)CO
B)CO₂
C)NF₃
D)NO
E)CF₄

Question 78

The electron dot formula for molecular oxygen has

A)a single covalent bond.
B)an ionic bond.
C)a double covalent bond.
D)a total of 8 × 2 = 16 electron dots.
E)a total of 8 × 4 = 32 electron dots.

Question 79

How many resonance structures does the sulfur dioxide molecule have?

A)0
B)3
C)1
D)2
E)4

Question 80

Which of these compounds does not follow the octet rule?

A)PF₅
B)HF
C)NF₃
D)AsCl₃
E)CF₄