Deck 6: Selection and Placement

Question 1

Much of the work in personnel selection involves measuring characteristics of people to determine who will be accepted for job openings.

Answer 1

True

Question 2

Validity is necessary but not sufficient for generalizability.

Answer 2

True

Question 3

A measure can be valid without being reliable.

Answer 3

False

Question 4

Reliability refers to the measuring instrument rather than to the characteristic itself.

Question 5

Validity is the extent to which performance on a measure is related to performance on the job.

Question 6

Twanda prefers to ask questions that have the candidate answer hypothetical questions so she can hear about their experiences.

Question 7

The more reliable,valid,and generalizable a selection method is,the more utility it will have.

Question 8

The Department of Labor issued new rules in 2014 aimed at private companies that decreed they should set a goal of having 7 percent of their workforce be composed of disabled employees.

Question 9

A physical ability test measures balance,but not coordination.

Question 10

The size of the sample on which a correlation is based has no role in achieving statistical significance.

Question 11

The degree to which a measure is free from random error is its reliability.

Question 12

The correlation coefficient is zero for a perfect positive relationship.

Question 13

Reliability is the degree to which the validity of a selection method established in one context extends to other contexts.

Question 14

The Americans with Disabilities Act of 1991 protects individuals with physical disabilities,but not those with mental disabilities.

Question 15

As per the Age Discrimination in Employment Act,the burden of proof always lies with the person who faces discrimination.

Question 16

The inability to use content validation in small sample settings makes it generally less applicable than criterion-related validation.

Question 17

The utility of any given test generally increases as the selection ratio gets higher.

Question 18

Content validity is achieved primarily through a process of expert judgment.

Question 19

A concurrent validation assesses the validity of a test by administering it to people already on the job and then correlating test scores with existing measures of each person's performance.

Question 20

The Civil Rights Act of 1991 protects individuals from discrimination based on race,sex,religion,and national origin with respect to hiring as well as compensation and working conditions.

Question 21

The extent to which performance on a measure is related to performance on the job is called

A)reliability.
B)validity.
C)generalizability.
D)utility.
E)authenticity.

Question 22

If there is a substantial correlation between test scores and job-performance scores,________ validity has been established.

A)criterion-related
B)content
C)construct
D)procedural
E)subject

Question 23

Work-sample tests are not job-specific and their generalizability is high.

Question 24

Which of the following is the most accurate definition of concurrent validity?

A)It is an estimate of whether a validity test appears to measure a certain criterion.
B)It is performed by demonstrating that the questions or problems in a validity test are representative of situations at work.
C)It assesses the validity of a test by administering it to people already on the job and then correlating test scores with existing measures of each person's performance.
D)It seeks to establish an empirical relationship between test scores taken prior to being hired and eventual performance on the job.
E)It is the degree to which a measure is correlated with other measures that it is theoretically predicted to correlate.

Question 25

Which of the following correlation coefficients indicates a perfect negative relationship?

A)−10
B)−6.67
C)+1.0
D)-1.0
E)0)0

Question 26

Which of the following statements is true regarding reliability and validity?

A)Reliability and validity are directly proportional to each other.
B)Reliability and validity are inversely proportional to each other.
C)Reliability of a measure is essential for it to have any validity.
D)Reliability and validity are independent of each other.
E)Reliability is a necessary and sufficient condition for validity.

Question 27

One of the concerns regarding the use of drug tests in a workplace is the undue invasion of privacy.

Question 28

A large-scale,independent review of validity studies suggests that paper-and-pencil honesty tests cannot predict both theft and other disruptive behaviors.

Question 29

Star Inc.,an engineering firm,has come up with a new technical test to assess the knowledge of interviewees.To assess the validity of the test,it requests that its present employees take the test and match it with their performance in the organization.Which of the following types of validation has Star Inc.used to test the validity of its new technical test?

A)Predictive validation
B)Content validation
C)Concurrent validation
D)Face validation
E)Logical validation

Question 30

Which of the following validation strategies is most likely to be adversely affected by the restriction of range problem that results due to current employees being homogeneous?

A)Predictive validation
B)Concurrent validation
C)Content validation
D)Secondary validation
E)External validation

Question 31

The Polygraph Act in 1988 permitted the use of polygraphs in employment screening.

Question 32

When assessing the reliability of a measure,one might be interested in knowing how scores on the measure at one time relate to scores on the same measure at another time.This is called

A)test-interdependency.
B)test-retest reliability.
C)mutual exclusivity.
D)test utility.
E)test generalizability.

Question 33

The ________ is a measure of the degree to which two sets of numbers are related.

A)utility score
B)standard deviation
C)correlation coefficient
D)validity score
E)generalizability coefficient

Question 34

________ is the degree to which a measure is free from random error.

A)Reliability
B)Validity
C)Generalizability
D)Utility
E)Correlation

Question 35

Hyung took a test assessing his editing skills as part of the interview process for an executive assistant.Based on his score,the recruiter can assume how successful Hyung will be in the job,based on ________ validity.

A)content
B)predictive
C)concurrent
D)subjective
E)logical

Question 36

Predictive validation is superior to concurrent validation because

A)predictive validation involves contribution from many individuals.
B)job applicants often have no information about organizational culture.
C)job applicants are more motivated than an organization's employees.
D)the effort needed for predictive validation is less than for concurrent validation.
E)the time taken for predictive validation is less than for concurrent validation.

Question 37

As part of the application process for an entry-level job after college,Isaac was given a personality test.He takes the same test as an applicant for another position 10 years later.Which of the following will likely be indicated by the results of Isaac's second test?

A)He has become more extroverted.
B)He has become more conscientious.
C)He has become less content.
D)He has become more authoritative.
E)He has become less independent.

Question 38

Amy is often tired at work and lacks discipline meeting deadlines.She is a conscientious employee.

Question 39

Josette is looking for a perfect positive relationship.She will know if she has found one if the correlation coefficient is

A)+1.0.
B)−1.0.
C)0)
D)+10.
E)−6.67.

Question 40

Which of the following statements is true of the reliability of a measurement?

A)A measurement is said to be reliable when only two iterations are involved in measurement.
B)Reliability refers to the measuring instrument rather than to the characteristic itself.
C)Reliability is not dependent on the attributes of the measuring instruments used.
D)Reliability indicates the degree to which two objects are related to each other.
E)Reliability indicates the extent to which performance on the measure is related to performance on the job.

Question 41

When Banhi arrives at his interview,he notices that the interview team is all Caucasian females.He feels that he has no chance of getting the job.After 2 weeks,the rejection letter comes in the mail.He takes the issue to the local EEOC to file a complaint claiming that the ________ legislation has been violated.

A)Rehabilitation Act of 1973
B)Patriot Act
C)Civil Rights Act of 1991
D)Volstead Act
E)No-FEAR Act of 2002

Question 42

Which of the following forms of validation becomes relatively more attractive as the sample available for validation becomes smaller?

A)Predictive validation
B)Concurrent validation
C)Content validation
D)External validation
E)Criterion-related validation

Question 43

________ is the degree to which the validity of a selection method established in one context extends to other contexts.

A)Utility
B)Generalizability
C)Reliability
D)Validity
E)Exclusivity

Question 44

When a company provides evidence from previous criterion-related validity studies conducted in other situations to show that a specific test is a valid predictor for a specific job performance,it is trying to prove the test's

A)reliability.
B)utility.
C)variance.
D)generalizability.
E)legality.

Question 45

The degree to which the information provided by selection methods enhance the bottom-line effectiveness of the organization is known as the selection method's

A)reliability.
B)validity.
C)generalizability.
D)utility.
E)legality.

Question 46

Some companies get confused and feel that they have to hire candidates that will help meet their affirmative action policy versus the most qualified.Which law are they misinterpreting?

A)The Civil Rights Act of 1964
B)The Tenure of Office Act of 1867
C)The Judiciary Act of 1801
D)The Third Liberty Bond Act of 1918
E)The Civil Rights Act of 1991

Question 47

The Americans with Disabilities Act

A)protects individuals with physical disabilities,but not mental disabilities.
B)does not require an organization to make accommodations that cause undue hardship.
C)demands affirmative action to increase representation of minorities.
D)does not require that employers make reasonable accommodation for individuals with disabilities.
E)requires an organization to make all accommodations necessary to ensure that individuals with disabilities are represented in the organization.

Question 48

Three people were chosen from a pool of 14 people tested.This is an example of a ________ ratio.

A)break-even
B)furlough
C)retention
D)turnover
E)selection

Question 49

Which legislation prohibits discrimination and mandates that employers take affirmative actions to hire qualified minority applicants?

A)The Federal Tort Claims Act
B)Americans with Disabilities Act of 1990
C)Civil Rights Act of 1991
D)The Federal Reserve Act
E)The Thirteenth Amendment of the United States Constitution

Question 50

The ________ allows an individual filing a complaint to have a jury decide whether he or she may recover punitive damages (in addition to lost wages and benefits)for emotional injuries caused by discrimination.

A)Civil Rights Act of 1871
B)Age Discrimination in Employment Act
C)Americans with Disabilities Act
D)Civil Rights Act of 1991
E)Civil Rights Act of 1964

Question 51

With the ease of the Internet,it is not uncommon for individuals to copy skills from resume templates to make themselves look more attractive to a recruiter.Knowing this,Ed has created a test to see if what is on the candidate's application are real skills that the candidate has.Ed is testing ________ validity.

A)criterion-related
B)probabilistic
C)predictive
D)content
E)concurrent

Question 52

Federal Auto Corp.(FAC)is looking for experienced ergonomic design engineers and wants to keep training costs to a minimum.The upper management instructs its HR team to develop a test that would test the design and ergonomic knowledge of the potential engineering candidates.This test is a ________ valid test.

A)predictive
B)subjective
C)criterion-related
D)content
E)concurrent

Question 53

Rollerbeam Inc.,a provider of engineering services,is looking to hire several maintenance engineers.Rollerbeam's HR department checks with the company's engineering department to confirm that the scenarios mentioned in the test are plausible real-world scenarios that maintenance engineers might face.Which of the following types of validation is Rollerbeam's HR team performing?

A)Concurrent validation
B)Predictive validation
C)Content validation
D)Criterion-related validation
E)Subjective validation

Question 54

In the case of ________ validation,it is critical to minimize the amount of inference involved on the part of the judges because their subjective judgment could bias the findings.

A)predictive
B)concurrent
C)content
D)criterion
E)standard

Question 55

As per the Age Discrimination in Employment Act,if any neutral-appearing practice happens to have an adverse impact on those over age 40,the employer must

A)show business necessity to avoid a guilty verdict.
B)make accommodations despite facing hardships.
C)facilitate premature retirement for the employees.
D)compensate the employee prior to court trials.
E)provide special incentives to the suffering employees.

Question 56

When a recruiter scores the test given after the interview,he is using ________ to mark answers correct or incorrect.

A)quantitative analysis
B)empirical study
C)statistical analysis
D)procedural study
E)expert judgment

Question 57

Content validation

A)seeks to establish an empirical relationship between test scores taken prior to being hired and eventual performance on the job.
B)is the degree to which a measure is free from internal defects of standardization.
C)is performed by demonstrating that the questions or problems posed by a test are a representative sample of the kinds of situations or problems that occur on the job.
D)is an estimate of whether a test appears to measure a certain criterion.
E)assesses the validity of a test by administering it to people already on the job and then correlating test scores with existing measures of each person's performance.

Question 58

Jhoana feels like she was denied a raise because her boss does not like the fact that she wears saris.She talks to HR about a violation of which legislation?

A)False Claims Act
B)Civil Rights Act of 1991
C)Age Discrimination in Employment Act
D)Americans with Disabilities Act
E)Rehabilitation Act of 1973

Question 59

The utility of any test generally ________ as the selection ratio gets lower.

A)increases
B)decreases
C)remains the same
D)becomes zero
E)becomes negative

Question 60

Kate and Ashley report their manager to HR because they feel that they were denied a promotion because of their age.They are both 29 and William was promoted and he is 45.They are claiming age discrimination.HR informs them that the law does not apply to them based solely on their age,because it does not

A)permit business necessity as a ground to avoid a guilty verdict.
B)protect younger workers.
C)allow for jury trials.
D)allow punitive damages.
E)permit promotions based on performance.

Question 61

Which of the following personality dimensions is typically associated with a person being nondepressed,secure,and content?

A)Adjustment
B)Extroversion
C)Agreeableness
D)Conscientiousness
E)Openness to experience

Question 62

Pablo is able to "read a room" and diffuse situations before they get out of hand.He has a knack for making people feel comfortable and helping opposing sides compromise.Pablo has a strong

A)crystallized intelligence.
B)fluid intelligence.
C)emotional intelligence.
D)dispositional affect.
E)intelligence quotient.

Question 63

Which of the following is an example of an experience-based situational interview?

A)Roberto was asked how he would resolve a certain technical fault in his workplace.
B)Priya was asked about her reaction if her co-workers indulged in racist behavior.
C)Hiroshi was asked to describe an event where his creativity led to effective problem solving.
D)Jane was asked what steps she would take in case of a power failure in the plant.
E)DeShaun was asked to describe how he would convince his boss about his new marketing strategy.

Question 64

Which of the following is a person's capacity to understand and use written and spoken language?

A)Verbal comprehension
B)Associative ability
C)Reasoning ability
D)Quantitative ability
E)Interpersonal knowledge

Question 65

A ________ is defined dialogue initiated by one or more persons to gather information and evaluate the qualifications of an applicant for employment.

A)selection interview
B)focused group interview
C)physical ability test
D)cognitive ability test
E)brainstorming session

Question 66

John is open to experiences if he is

A)content and happy.
B)talkative and expressive.
C)curious and imaginative.
D)dependable and organized.
E)sociable and assertive.

Question 67

A person who is agreeable in nature will be

A)assertive and gregarious.
B)depressed and secure.
C)dependable and unorganized.
D)courteous and trusting.
E)narrow-minded and imaginative.

Question 68

Which of the following requires that government contractors set a goal for the percentage of employees with disabilities who constitute their workforce?

A)The Americans with Disabilities Act
B)Guidelines set by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission
C)The Employment Non-Discrimination Act
D)Rules set by the U.S.Department of Labor
E)An executive order issued by the president's office

Question 69

A person who is conscientious will be

A)talkative,emotionally stable,and unorganized.
B)dependable,organized,persevering,thorough,and achievement-oriented.
C)sociable,content,and intolerant.
D)gregarious,secure,and uncooperative.
E)assertive,nondepressed,and unforgiving.

Question 70

Companies today often give tests to their employees to determine if they are introverts or extroverts or how well they will adjust to change.Which type of test is the company most likely to give to their employees?

A)Personality tests
B)Minnesota manual dexterity tests
C)Physical ability tests
D)Likert scales
E)Cognitive ability tests

Question 71

Andre was asked to share how he would conduct a product launch with a limited budget and only 3 weeks.The interviewer was testing his ________ ability.

A)quantitative
B)reasoning
C)technical
D)comprehension
E)verbal

Question 72

Which of the following statements is true of situational interviews?

A)Future-oriented interviews are less valid than experience-based interviews.
B)Future-oriented items reduce some forms of impression management,such as ingratiation,better than experience-based items.
C)Situational interviews require the candidate to perform a piece of work or accomplish a task.
D)Digitally taped interviews enable employers to better understand how candidates interact under specific conditions.
E)Using multiple interviewers in such interviews leads to more subjective errors than using one interviewer.

Question 73

________ assess main facets such as verbal comprehension,quantitative ability,and reasoning ability.

A)Cognitive ability tests
B)Thematic apperception tests
C)Personality inventories
D)Raven's Progressive Matrices
E)Rorschach inkblot tests

Question 74

The "direct threat" clause is a part of the

A)Civil Rights Act of 1871.
B)Rehabilitation Act of 1973.
C)No-FEAR Act.
D)Lloyd-La Follette Act.
E)Americans with Disabilities Act.

Question 75

In 2014,the Department of Labor issued a new rule aimed at government contractors that decreed they should set a goal of having ________ of their workforce be composed of disabled employees.

A)3 percent
B)5 percent
C)15 percent
D)7 percent
E)10 percent

Question 76

Kortney was given a test of her physical ability because the job will require lifting and carrying.Which of the following would she be tested on for this job?

A)Balance
B)Flexibility
C)Muscular tension
D)Cognitive skill
E)Muscular power

Question 77

________ ability is the speed and accuracy with which one can solve arithmetic problems of all kinds.

A)Reasoning
B)Technical
C)Quantitative
D)Comprehension
E)Conception

Question 78

Which of the following scenarios is an apt example of a future-oriented situational interview?

A)Ahmad was asked about the most painful decision he had made as a manager.
B)Fernandez was asked about the steps he would take to change the work environment in his office.
C)Emma was asked about the most annoying customer she had ever dealt with.
D)Jacob was asked about the most hated aspect of his previous job.
E)Maria was asked whether her religious beliefs had ever influenced her decision-making as a manager.

Question 79

Kyla is a talkative,social employee who makes sure that all feel welcome and part of the team while at work.She most likely has a high level of ________ when she takes a personality test.

A)Adjustment
B)Extroversion
C)Agreeableness
D)Conscientiousness
E)Openness to experience

Question 80

The concept of ________ suggests that similar groups of people whose scores differ by only a small amount all be treated as having the same score.

A)attribution error
B)probability distribution
C)standard deviation
D)groupthink
E)banding