Deck 3: Ethics: Part 1

Question 1

Imagine that you are the chair of your university's IRB.You receive a research protocol detailing a study that would examine the impact of sleep deprivation on driving behavior.The researcher plans to have participants stay awake for varying numbers of hours in the lab and then have them operate a car during rush hour traffic.You reject this study based on its violation of the principle of:

A) integrity.
B) justice.
C) respect.
D) beneficence.

Answer 1

beneficence.

Question 2

Informed consent forms must tell participants _____,but they do not have to tell participants _____.

A) what they are expected to do;where
B) what they are expected to do;why
C) why they are participating;what they are expected to do
D) why they are participating;when

Answer 2

what they are expected to do;why

Question 3

The application of moral principles concerning what an individual considers right and wrong to help guide one's decisions and behavior is called:

A) altruistic perspective.
B) file drawer problem.
C) deception.
D) ethics.

Answer 3

ethics.

Question 4

_____ is the APA guideline that commits researchers to intellectual honesty and adherence to ethical principles in scientific research.

A) Respect
B) Freedom
C) Integrity
D) Justice

Question 5

Which of the following would NOT be considered coercion?

A) providing excessive compensation for participation
B) threatening physical or psychological harm for failing to participate in a study
C) offering a bribe to potential participants
D) giving research experience credit to Introduction to Psychology students in exchange for their participation

Question 6

The best practices put forth by Simmons and colleagues (2011)to help decrease the temptation to falsify data include all of the following,EXCEPT:

A) decide in advance how many participants to collect data from.
B) report all of the different groups included in the study.
C) report only the pieces of data that achieved statistical significance.
D) report all of the different variables assessed in the study.

Question 7

Which of the following is specified as a vulnerable population?

A) the elderly
B) women
C) prisoners
D) adults

Question 8

Some of the studies conducted before the 1970s,like the Tuskegee Syphilis Study and Milgram's obedience study,could not be replicated today,because of:

A) stricter ethical guidelines.
B) loss of confidentiality.
C) cultural standards that discourage research.
D) stricter environmental guidelines.

Question 9

What is the Institutional Review Board?

A) a governing body that reviews the ethical merit of all research conducted with animals as subjects
B) a governing body that reviews the ethical merit of all research conducted on human subjects
C) a governing body that reviews the capital investment of a study and determines whether it merits being conducted
D) a governing body that reviews whether studies are likely to achieve statistical significance and result in publication

Question 10

Each of the following are benefits of the debriefing,EXCEPT it:

A) helps participants learn about the scientific process.
B) reveals the hypothesis under investigation.
C) provides contact information to counseling services in case the study causes later emotional distress.
D) contains further deception for the researcher to investigate.

Question 11

Fairness in the selection of study participants in a manner that equally distributes costs and benefits is known as:

A) integrity.
B) respect.
C) justice.
D) beneficence.

Question 12

The belief that ethical decisions should be based on helping without personal benefit is called:

A) egoism.
B) the altruistic perspective.
C) the utilitarian perspective.
D) beneficence.

Question 13

Loss of confidentiality is:

A) when the responses and behaviors of participants become public knowledge.
B) when researcher uses coding to separate participant names from data.
C) a guarantee that individual responses cannot be linked to individual participants.
D) the physical toll that study participation takes on participants.

Question 14

Which of the following does NOT involve deception?

A) cover story
B) false feedback
C) using a confederate
D) debriefing

Question 15

Phillipe is conducting a research study in which his participants will encounter the same level of risk encountered in daily life.His study will most likely receive the IRB review classification of:

A) exempt.
B) advanced.
C) expedited.
D) full review.

Question 16

What does the IACUC oversee?

A) animals
B) children
C) prisoners
D) the mentally ill

Question 17

Informed consent is an important part of establishing:

A) justice.
B) beneficence.
C) equality.
D) respect for persons.

Question 18

Representing others' work or ideas as your own,without giving proper credit is known as:

A) plagiarism.
B) paraphrasing.
C) the file drawer problem.
D) nonmaleficence.

Question 19

Which of the following is one of the basic ethical principles outlined in the Belmont Report?

A) equality
B) beneficence
C) freedom of religion
D) right to legal counsel

Question 20

Monica believes that her decisions should reflect her moral obligation to do the greatest good for the greatest number of people.His personal philosophy demonstrates:

A) the utilitarian perspective.
B) egoism.
C) the file drawer problem.
D) the altruistic perspective.