Deck 4: The Psychologists: Part 2

Question 1

_____ is any outside influence that affects the true score in a consistent way,whereas _____ is variation from the measure's true score due to unsystematic or chance factors.

A) Random error;systematic error
B) Raw score;random error
C) Systematic error: random error
D) Random error;raw score

Answer 1

Systematic error: random error

Question 2

Which is the most appropriate number of response options for a self-report measure?

A) 1
B) 5
C) 50
D) 100

Answer 2

5

Question 3

Standardization leads to _____ error,and scorer bias leads to ____ error.

A) less;less
B) less;more
C) more;less
D) more;more

Answer 3

less;more

Question 4

Researchers are LEAST likely to be able to control:

A) random error.
B) social desirability bias.
C) observer bias.
D) systematic error.

Question 5

A potential systematic difference between individuals who refused to participate in a study and those who participated is called:

A) demand characteristics.
B) nonresponse bias.
C) social desirability bias.
D) ceiling effect.

Question 6

In line with the social desirability bias,which of the following is a female participant most likely to lie about on a self-report measure?

A) weight
B) level of self-esteem
C) gender
D) height

Question 7

Rebecca is investigating conformity in males and females.She believes that females may be more likely than males to conform during high stress situations.In order to test this,she randomly assigns males and females to either a high or low stress situation and then assesses their conformity.What type of design is she using?

A) correlational
B) quasi-experimental
C) true experimental
D) nonexperimental

Question 8

How is behavioral observation different from behavioral trace?

A) One is self-report and the other is based on observation.
B) One happens in real time and the other examines past events.
C) One happens in real time and the other examines future events.
D) One examines past events and the other examines future events.

Question 9

A cover story can often _____ demand characteristics,as they make the actual purpose of the study _____ to figure out.

A) increase;easier
B) increase;harder
C) decrease;easier
D) decrease;harder

Question 10

_____ gives everyone in a given population an equal chance of selection,whereas _____ does not.

A) Nonprobability sampling;probability sampling
B) Nonprobability sampling: bias sampling
C) Probability sampling;nonprobability sampling
D) Probability sampling;random sampling

Question 11

Each of the following is a type of sampling,EXCEPT:

A) random sampling.
B) probability sampling.
C) convenience sampling.
D) true sampling.

Question 12

Ceiling effect is to upper boundary as:

A) elevator effect is to no boundary.
B) elevator effect is to arbitrary boundary.
C) floor effect is to lower boundary.
D) floor effect is to highest boundary.

Question 13

Each of the following are self-report measures,EXCEPT:

A) interview.
B) survey.
C) reaction time measures.
D) questionnaires.

Question 14

Which of the following is an example of probability sampling?

A) quota sampling
B) cluster random sampling
C) convenience sampling
D) purposive sampling

Question 15

Which of the following would be considered behavioral trace evidence?

A) a recent call log from an individual's cell phone
B) physiological measures
C) responses to a self-report inventory
D) demographic variables

Question 16

The portion of the APA-style report that ensures authors are avoiding plagiarism by giving credit where credit is due is called the:

A) abstract.
B) method.
C) results.
D) reference page.

Question 17

What is the difference between a true experiment and a quasi-experimental design?

A) one involves manipulation of all independent variables
B) one involves manipulation of all dependent variables
C) one fails to manipulate any of the independent variables
D) one fails to measure any of the dependent variables

Question 18

For which situation is the "college sophomore problem" NOT a concern?

A) clinical psychology studies examining serial killers
B) social psychology studies examining human emotion
C) developmental psychology studies examining cognitions in the elderly
D) health psychology studies examining risk for coronary heart disease

Question 19

Two main types of measurement are:

A) self-report and quasi-experimental.
B) quasi-experimental and self-report.
C) behavioral and quasi-experimental.
D) self-report and behavioral.

Question 20

Dr.Thigpen continued to use his original scale to measure his patients' weights even though it no longer gave an accurate reading.Despite its inaccuracy,it did consistently give the same wrong weight each time a patient stepped on it.In this case,his scale lacks:

A) sensitivity.
B) reliability.
C) validity.
D) sensitivity,reliability,and validity.