Deck 6: Observational Research: Part 1

Question 1

When a researcher is actively engaging and interacting with participants while observing them it's referred to as:

A) social modeling.
B) participant observation.
C) laboratory observation.
D) systematic observation.

Answer 1

participant observation.

Question 2

The operational definition of "striking the bottom of another person with an open hand" refers to:

A) spanking.
B) threatening.
C) whipping.
D) bribing.

Answer 2

spanking.

Question 3

Morris is conducting an experiment for class.He decides that he will inform his participants that they are being observed,but will not tell them what exactly he is observing.This is an example of:

A) concealed observation.
B) nonconcealed observation.
C) an analogue study.
D) a deception study.

Answer 3

nonconcealed observation.

Question 4

When individuals alter their performance or behaviors because others are observing them it's called:

A) concealment.
B) reactivity.
C) naturalistic.
D) blind.

Question 5

Tanya was told that she was participating in a study about coupon use at a local supermarket.In reality,her implicit attitudes regarding gender were being studied.This is an example of:

A) blind observation.
B) reactivity.
C) active deception.
D) nonconcealment.

Question 6

If a researcher is more focused on the "what" rather than the "why" of behavior,they would most likely use what type of research design?

A) experimental
B) correlational
C) descriptive
D) analogue

Question 7

The extent to which a particular study's findings are generalizable to the real-world is referred to as:

A) internal validity.
B) reliability.
C) external validity.
D) concurrent validity.

Question 8

Researchers attempted to re-create a small-town doctor experience,by transforming the laboratory into a doctor's office and furnishing it with instruments,décor,and staff that would be similar in the real setting.The researchers are attempting to increase the following with their efforts in:

A) ecological validity.
B) concurrent validity.
C) internal consistency.
D) internal reliability.

Question 9

Earle is recording the time between the end of a child's tantrum and when she receives a reward from her caregiver.This approach is known as:

A) duration recording.
B) blind observation.
C) frequency-count recording.
D) observation schedule.

Question 10

Dori scored a 52 on an accepted measurement of anxiety.Samson scored a 71 on the same measure.Their scores would be considered:

A) categorical.
B) nominal.
C) ordinal.
D) continuous.

Question 11

Josefina wanted to view and note that occurrence of predetermined behaviors in an organized way.This would be an example of:

A) external validity.
B) laboratory observation.
C) systematic observational research.
D) participant observation.

Question 12

Which of the following is NOT a descriptive statistic?

A) mean of sample
B) standard deviation of sample
C) mode of sample
D) inferring value to population

Question 13

According to the text,parents may feel enormous pressure from______,which can influence their discipline practices.

A) the personality of the child
B) reactivity
C) social norms
D) their marriage

Question 14

Tracey records each time a specific verbalization is made in parent-child dyads.This is an example of:

A) duration recording.
B) blind observation.
C) frequency-count recording.
D) observation schedule.

Question 15

If a researcher is more focused on the "why" rather than the "what" of behavior,they would most likely use what type of research design?

A) experimental
B) descriptive
C) observational
D) meta-analysis

Question 16

Each of the following is a potential drawback of participant observation,EXCEPT:

A) bias.
B) objectivity.
C) subjectivity.
D) becoming too involved.

Question 17

Richard was developing a ______ to assist observers in noting certain nonverbal and verbal behaviors displayed by participants.

A) check sheet
B) coding system
C) pilot test
D) inter-rater reliability

Question 18

Leticia is sitting at a local park watching families interact for one of her sociology classes.This is an example of:

A) an analogue study.
B) laboratory observation.
C) participant observation.
D) naturalistic observation.

Question 19

Gwen wants to make sure her experiment's findings can be generalized beyond the sample.Gwen is referring to:

A) external validity.
B) internality validity.
C) concurrent validity.
D) content validity.

Question 20

The extent to which an observer consistently codes a variable refers to:

A) inter-rater reliability.
B) intra-observer reliability.
C) internal consistency.
D) external validity.