Question 1

The ability to think about your cognitive processes during learning is de&#64257;ned as:&#10;A) Cognition&#10;B) Metacognition&#10;C) Self-actualization&#10;D) Information processing

Accepted Answer

Metacognition is the ability to think about and monitor one's own cognitive processes, including attention, memory, and problem-solving. It involves being aware of one's own learning process and strategies, and being able to adjust and adapt them as needed. Cognition refers to the general processes of thinking and mental activity, while self-actualization is a term used in psychology to describe the fulfillment of one's potential or highest level of personal growth. Information processing is a general term used to describe how the brain receives, interprets, and uses information.

Question 2

Which of the following statements about perception is not true?&#10;A) Perception is possible in the absence of sensation.&#10;B) Perception involves memory.&#10;C) Sensation is possible in the absence of perception.&#10;D) Perception gives meaning to the sensory environment.

Accepted Answer

C

Question 3

Interrupting, and returning to, ongoing activity is a subcomponent of executive functions categorized as a:&#10;A) Process skill&#10;B) Monitoring function&#10;C) Self and time function&#10;D) All of the above

Accepted Answer

B

Question 4

Jocelyn is working in a nursing home and has noticed that when engaged in therapy, Mr. Smith is disinterested and inconsistent in improving his walking while in the therapy gym. She has decided to walk with him to the dining room and the recreation room rather than in the gym. Since she started this, Mr. Smith seems more engaged and he initiates walking more on his own outside of the therapy session. This is an example of:

A) An open loop form of motor learning
B) Sensorimotor praxis
C) Metalinguistic reasoning
D) Situated learning

Accepted Answer

This is an example of situated learning, where learning occurs in the context in which it will be used. By walking with Mr. Smith outside of the therapy gym, Jocelyn has created a more relevant and meaningful context for him to practice his walking, which has led to increased engagement and better outcomes.

Question 5

Global mental functions are those general mental functions that define an individual's personality and learning style. Which of the following is true of global mental functions?&#10;A) They include the process of consciously setting mental goals, planning their attainment, and monitoring action related to both the goals and the plans.&#10;B) They are related to the awareness of one's identity, one's body, one's position in the reality of one's environment, and of time function.&#10;C) They are largely below the level of conscious awareness.&#10;D) They are functions of the brain and central nervous system that underlie physiological function and have no impact on learning.

Accepted Answer

Global mental functions are largely below the level of conscious awareness, influencing personality and learning style without direct conscious control.

Question 6

Which of the following BEST describes metacognitive knowledge?&#10;A) The identification, analysis, and understanding of language both receptively and expressively&#10;B) Attention, orientation, perception, and consciousness functions&#10;C) Monitoring, time management, organization and planning, and error detection&#10;D) What individuals know about themselves and others in terms of self, task, and problem solving

Accepted Answer

Metacognitive knowledge refers to an individual's knowledge and awareness of their own cognitive processes, including their own strengths and weaknesses in task performance, their strategies for learning and problem-solving, and their understanding of the task or problem at hand. It also includes their knowledge and understanding of others' perspectives and cognitive processes in collaborative problem-solving contexts. Therefore, option D, which describes knowledge about oneself and problem-solving, is the best choice.

Question 7

The text offers this as an inclusive term for a group of distinct mental processes that includes a wide range of functions such as attention, memory, perception, understanding, and thought:&#10;A) Attention&#10;B) Memory&#10;C) Perception&#10;D) Cognition

Accepted Answer

The term that encompasses all of the listed mental processes is cognition. Therefore, option D, cognition, is the best choice. The other options refer to specific functions within the broader category of cognition.

Question 8

Which of the following presents the stages of learning in the correct sequence?&#10;A) Autonomous, declarative, cognitive&#10;B) Associative, cognitive, procedural&#10;C) Procedural, autonomous, associative&#10;D) Cognitive, associative, autonomous

Accepted Answer

The correct sequence of stages of learning is cognitive, associative, and autonomous. In the cognitive stage, the learner is focused on understanding the task and developing a mental model. In the associative stage, the learner begins to refine their skills and make connections between different parts of the task. In the autonomous stage, the task becomes automatic and the learner can perform it without conscious thought.

Question 9

Process skills, are defined as:&#10;A) The control of thought in terms of pace, content, and form in learning situations&#10;B) Skills used by an individual in managing and modifying actions as he or she completes daily tasks in response to novel or altered situations&#10;C) The mental function of considering something as a general idea, quality, or characteristic&#10;D) The ability to assimilate factual knowledge and store it effectively for easy retrieval

Accepted Answer

Process skills refer to the ability to manage and modify actions in response to new or changing situations. This includes skills such as problem-solving, critical thinking, decision-making, and communication. Option A describes cognitive control, option C describes conceptualization, and option D describes memory storage.

Question 10

Which of the following is an example of an executive function?&#10;A) Repetition&#10;B) Well-developed motor skills&#10;C) Initiation and planning&#10;D) Re&#64258;exive reactions

Accepted Answer

Initiation and planning are both examples of executive functions. These involve the ability to start and organize tasks, set goals, make decisions, and prioritize actions in order to achieve those goals. Repetition and well-developed motor skills are not considered executive functions, as they do not involve higher-level cognitive processes. Reﬂexive reactions, while important for survival, are also not considered executive functions, as they are automatic and do not involve conscious thought or decision making.

Deck 6: Mental Functions and Learning Across the Lifespan