Deck 20: Bioterrorism and Disaster Management

Question 1

Disasters affect communities physically and emotionally. The first goal in any disaster is:

A) To clean-up of the environment
B) Handling stress reaction
C) Bringing in as many aid workers and nurses as possible to the area
D) To reestablish sanitary barriers and focus on basic needs

Answer 1

To reestablish sanitary barriers and focus on basic needs

Question 2

Disaster management includes four stages: prevention, preparation, response, and recovery. Preparedness includes which of the following?

A) Heightened inspections, improved surveillance, and increased security
B) Incorporating pets into local disaster plans
C) Purchase of personal protective equipment for all citizens
D) Disaster kit assembly for the home, workplace, and car

Answer 2

Disaster kit assembly for the home, workplace, and car

Question 3

Bioterrorism and emergency readiness competencies are important for all public health workers. Which of the following describes a competency?

A) Recognizing unusual events that might indicate an emergency and describe appropriate action
B) Being involved in the chain of command
C) Use a set of preplanned activities for every disaster
D) Leaving communication to the authorities

Answer 3

Recognizing unusual events that might indicate an emergency and describe appropriate action

Question 4

The U.S. Government has developed a number of biodefense programs such as the BioWatch, BioSense, Project BioShield, and the smallpox immunization campaign. The goal of the smallpox vaccination campaign is to:

A) Immunize all US citizens before an outbreak occurs
B) Initially immunize health care workers and emergency personnel
C) Serve as a public health surveillance initiative
D) Develop and produce new vaccines and countermeasures against bioweapons

Question 5

The future of disaster management:

A) Is vague and unorganized because we never know what kind of disaster will occur
B) Involves sophisticated technology and surveillance
C) Lies with communities and local officials
D) Will cause the nursing shortage to get worse

Question 6

An example of community preparedness for a disaster is:

A) Assembling emergency supplies
B) Understanding the workplace disaster plan
C) Taking a disaster training course
D) Developing an evaluation plan to remove individuals from danger

Question 7

The current environment requires a concerted national effort including all levels of government to prevent, prepare for, respond to, and recover from major disasters. The National Response Plan was formed under Presidential directives. The purpose of this plan is to create:

A) A new branch of government that deals with bioterrorism
B) A way for the Red Cross to carry out its mission
C) A unified, all-discipline, all-hazards approach to domestic incident management
D) An extension of presidential power to act quickly to weapons of mass destruction

Question 8

Special needs shelters reduce the surge demands on hospitals and long-term care facilities. Careful preplanning for a community's special needs population is essential. Persons arriving at a shelter:

A) Must not bring all their special equipment and medications
B) Must have a psychological condition that makes them inappropriate for a regular shelter
C) Are assessed by a nurse to determine whether this type of facility is appropriate
D) Receive medical care as though they were in a hospital

Question 9

Which of the following has increased the danger of natural disasters?

A) Global warming
B) Population growth
C) Improved technology
D) Weather changes

Question 10

The use of weapons of mass destruction or natural disasters such as earthquakes will often have more casualties because:

A) They cause the most widespread destruction.
B) Victims have little time to make evacuation preparations.
C) Those with chronic conditions cannot escape in time.
D) The early warning systems are not effective.

Question 11

Which of the following statements about disasters is accurate?

A) People with the most financial resources suffer the most from disasters.
B) Urbanization and overcrowding have contributed to the occurrence of disasters.
C) The number of natural disasters is steadily increasing.
D) For an event to be considered a disaster, injury or death must result.

Question 12

Actions or measures that can either prevent the occurrence of a disaster or reduce the severity of its effects are called:

A) Awareness and education
B) Mitigation
C) Disaster relief
D) Advocacy

Question 13

Emergency response personnel are unique in that they dedicate their time and energy to assisting persons during stressful times of their lives. However, nurses who work with survivors of disasters may be at risk for vicarious traumatization. How does this occur?

A) The nurse sustains an injury during the disaster.
B) Exhaustion and the inability to adjust to the pace at home occurs.
C) Frustration and conflict lead to post-traumatic stress disorder.
D) It can be a response to listening to survivors' stories about traumatic events.

Question 14

A riverfront community builds a retaining wall to divert flood water away from the town. This is an example of:

A) Mitigation
B) A natural disaster
C) Disaster reduction
D) Disaster health

Question 15

Which of the following is an example of a human-made disaster?

A) Structural collapse
B) Communicable disease epidemics
C) Mud slides
D) Floods

Question 16

One of the most common terrorist activities is the use of explosives. A common trauma associated with this is Blast Lung Injury. What are the symptoms that would alert a nurse to this problem? The patient presents with:

A) Air emboli and pneumothorax
B) The inability to think rationally
C) Dyspnea, hemoptysis, cough, and chest pain
D) Black sputum.

Question 17

Which of the following is considered a natural disaster?

A) Transportation accident
B) Pollution
C) Communicable disease epidemic
D) Fire

Question 18

Disasters must be managed using prevention, preparedness, response, and recovery. Which of the following is true about a disaster?

A) It can be natural or human-made.
B) It can be relieved without assistance.
C) There is always injury and death.
D) The type and timing of a disaster event cannot predict the types of injuries or illnesses that occur.

Question 19

Which of the following is responsible for developing and coordinating emergency response plans in a defined area?

A) American Red Cross (ARC)
B) Stress Management in Disaster Program (SMID)
C) Federal Emergency Management Agency
D) Office of Emergency Management (OEM)

Question 20

Nurses have unique responsibilities in a disaster. In the summer of 2004 four consecutive hurricanes swept through Florida. Which of the following were tasks the nurses on disaster medical assistant teams did?

A) Set up immunization clinics
B) Assisted in running hospitals so the regular staff could go home to repair damaged homes
C) Provided all the medical care for disaster victims
D) Allowed pets to come to the shelters with disaster victims

Question 21

There are populations who are at greatest risk for disruption after a disaster. These include which of the following? Select all that apply.

A) Single-parent families
B) Children
C) Substance abusers
D) Cats and dogs

Question 22

Which of the following is predominant in a shelter for disaster victims?

A) Stress
B) Communicable disease
C) Chronic illness
D) Injuries requiring first aid

Question 23

The most important attribute for the nurse working in a disaster is:

A) Flexibility
B) Training
C) Experience
D) Special interest

Question 24

Symptoms of early stress and burnout in disaster workers include which of the following?

A) Irritability
B) Minor tremors
C) Fatigue
D) Headaches

Question 25

The triage process in disaster involves:

A) Separating the casualties and allocating treatment based on the victim's potential for survival
B) Assignment of tasks to the appropriate disaster response personnel
C) Determining the level of disaster and agency involvement
D) Participating in mock disaster drills through realistic scenarios

Question 26

A common reaction of elderly persons experiencing disaster may be:

A) Anger
B) Fear of loss of independence
C) Violence
D) Regression