Deck 22: Program Management

Question 1

Which of the following is used to assess program outcomes or as a follow-up to the results of the program activities?

A) Assessment
B) Goals
C) Formative or process evaluation
D) Summative or impact evaluation

Answer 1

Summative or impact evaluation

Question 2

It is projected that the incidence of diabetes will increase in the future and therefore create a need for more diabetes health educators. Which of the following approaches was used to identify this need?

A) Preactive
B) Reactive
C) Inactive
D) Interactive

Answer 2

Preactive

Question 3

A population needs assessment focuses on characteristics of a specific population, their health needs, and the resources available to address those needs. An example of this is:

A) A health status report indicates many people are not using the health department because of long waits.
B) The WHO encourages all travelers to be up to date on the immunizations of the country they are going to.
C) A nurse wishes to initiate a health education program for older adults with diabetes, so the health status of this group is assessed.
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D) Agencies use a television advertisement to encourage healthy eating by the community citizens.

Answer 3

A nurse wishes to initiate a health education program for older adults with diabetes, so the health status of this group is assessed.
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Question 4

The CDC format for evaluation involves many steps in the planning process. In the step making activities operational, what might occur?

A) Identifying goal-attaining activities
B) Determining goal measurement
C) The actual administration of the program at a health department
D) Evaluating the program

Question 5

The most critical step in planning a health program that identifies needs of a population within a community is:

A) Assessing need
B) Considering alternative solutions or options
C) Detailing the costs, resources, and activities needed to select from the proposed alternatives
D) Weighing each alternative

Question 6

The Basic Program Planning model includes five steps. The first step in the process is formulating. What occurs at this step?

A) Client and provider analyze available solutions
B) The best plan for funding is presented to administrators.
C) The provider group identifies solutions.
D) The client identifies problems.

Question 7

Systematic planning for meeting the health care needs of populations in a community has benefits for clients, nurses, employing agencies, and the community. Other benefits include:

A) Allowing nurses to be in charge of materials presented
B) Ensuring that available resources are used to address the actual needs of people in the community
C) Linking local politicians with the community
D) Educating student nurses about public health nursing

Question 8

Nurses with various educational backgrounds may be involved in cost studies with assistance of people knowledgeable in research statistics and accounting techniques. Nurses with undergraduate degrees may be involved in:

A) Analyzing statistical data
B) Applying for grants from the National Institute of Health
C) The actual implementation of a cost study
D) Designing, planning, and implementing study results

Question 9

Which of the following is used for the purpose of assessing whether objectives are met or planned activities are completed?

A) Assessment
B) Goals
C) Formative or process evaluation
D) Summative or impact evaluation

Question 10

To vaccinate school children the nurse manager decides to open public health clinics on Saturdays one month before school begins. This would be considered:

A) Assessing
B) Planning
C) Organizing
D) Evaluating

Question 11

Matching client needs, provider strengths and competence, and agency resources is considered:

A) Strategic planning
B) Program planning
C) Organizing
D) Evaluating

Question 12

Program evaluation is a method of ensuring that a program met its goals and fulfilled its purpose. The evaluation should answer which of the following questions?

A) Did the audience enjoy the program?
B) Is a process evaluation also necessary?
C) Are the problems it was designed to solve being solved?
D) Was enough information given to change policy?

Question 13

The main advantage of using a key informant as a needs assessment tool is?

A) Low cost
B) Provides picture of services needed
C) Learns perspectives of large number of persons
D) Indicates extent of services offered in existing programs

Question 14

The most important step in the planning and evaluation process is writing program objectives. The purpose of having objectives is to:

A) Give the speaker specific topics to cover
B) Provide direction for conducting the program
C) Provide an enriching experience for participants
D) Formulate a mission statement.

Question 15

Which of the following is necessary to provide a clear understanding of the overall health status of a community and to identify populations at risk?

A) Community assessment
B) Population needs assessment
C) Evaluation
D) Program management

Question 16

Which of the following stages defines the problem based on the existing health status of the population to be served?

A) Preactive
B) Reactive
C) Inactive
D) Interactive

Question 17

Program management consists of assessing, planning, implementing, and evaluating a program. This process is similar to:

A) The nursing process
B) The medical model of care delivery
C) The requirements for licensure as a registered nurse
D) Summative and formative evaluation

Question 18

For the purpose of obtaining information about services needed to meet community needs, business leaders within a community were interviewed. This method of obtaining needs assessment data is called a:

A) Community forum
B) Key informant interview
C) Survey of existing agencies
D) Indicator approach

Question 19

Focus groups are used to determine the method of cleanup for contaminated groundwater in a neighborhood. Which of the following is a disadvantage of this needs assessment tool?

A) Technically demanding
B) Expensive
C) Bias of leaders
D) Time consuming

Question 20

Cost must be considered in planning and evaluation. There are numerous types of cost studies applied to the health care industry. Cost accounting studies are performed to:

A) Detect what percentages of clients recover
B) Measure how long it takes for clients to see a caregiver
C) Note how many cases are associated with other major risk factors
D) Find the actual cost of a program

Question 21

After a need and a client demand for a program have been determined through the needs assessment process, the next step in the development of the program is to choose a procedural method that will assist the nurse in planning the program to be offered. Which of the following are possible planning methods? Select all that apply.

A) Program planning method (PPM)
B) Multiattribute utility technique (MAUT)
C) Sustainability method
D) Effectiveness method

Question 22

The type of study to help determine the actual cost of a program is a:

A) Cost-accounting study
B) Cost-benefit study
C) Cost-effectiveness study
D) Cost-efficiency study

Question 23

During which phase of the program planning process does the provider and client consider the possibilities of solving a problem using one of the solutions identified?

A) Conceptualization
B) Detailing
C) Implementation
D) Evaluation

Question 24

In the objective "to decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by 10% to 25% by providing immunization clinics in all schools before August and December 2007," the operational indicator is:

A) Decrease
B) Promoting immunization clinics
C) 10% to 25%
D) Before August and December 2007

Question 25

The monitoring of program activities, such as hours of service, number of providers used, number of referrals made, and amount of money spent to meet program objectives, is an example of which of the aspects of program evaluation?

A) Relevance
B) Progress
C) Efficiency
D) Effectiveness

Question 26

A study designed to measure the quality of a program as it relates to cost is a:

A) Cost-accounting study
B) Cost-benefit study
C) Cost-effectiveness study
D) Cost-efficiency study

Question 27

A study designed to examine the actual cost of performing program services and to focus on productivity versus cost is a:

A) Cost-accounting study
B) Cost-benefit study
C) Cost-effectiveness study
D) Cost -efficiency study

Question 28

Which critique of the program objective "to decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by providing immunization clinics in all schools between August and December of 2005" is accurate?

A) It is accurate as written.
B) The results are ambiguous.
C) The action verb is not action-oriented.
D) The purpose is not stated.

Question 29

Which of the following are philanthropic contributions?

A) Contracts
B) Gifts
C) Grants
D) Loans

Question 30

A community identifies cardiovascular disease as a priority need because its mortality rate is four times higher than the rate identified in Healthy People

A) Proactive
B) Reactive
2000. The approach to identifying this need was:
C) Inactive
D) Interactive

Question 31

With the involvement of the local government and health department, a community-wide program is planned to make all public businesses smoke free and thus prevent exposure to second-hand smoke. This program is an example of which of the following levels of prevention applied to program planning and evaluation?

A) Primary prevention
B) Secondary prevention
C) Tertiary prevention
D) Assessment

Question 32

An example of a program objective would be:

A) To decrease the incidence of early childhood disease in Center County by providing immunization clinics in all schools between August and December of 2007
B) To provide condoms to sexually active teenagers in the local high school
C) To increase by 25% the number of school-age children wearing seat belts
D) To provide free diabetic screening every other month for two years

Question 33

A study used to assess the desirability of a program by examining costs and benefits is a:

A) Cost-accounting study
B) Cost-benefit study
C) Cost-effectiveness study
D) Cost-efficiency study