Question 1

Which of the following might be the most appropriate analogy for eidetic imagery?&#10;A)a table&#10;B)a modem&#10;C)a rainbow&#10;D)a photograph

Accepted Answer

Eidetic imagery is often described as photographic memory, which makes D, a photograph, the most appropriate analogy.

Question 2

A witness on the stand swears that he saw someone commit a crime.Must you believe that the testimony is valid when a witness testifies so forcefully?&#10;A)Yes,because seeing is believing.&#10;B)No,because eyewitnesses are not usually honest.&#10;C)Yes,because eyewitnesses are very confident about their testimony.&#10;D)No,because there is a great possibility of a &#34;false positive&#34; identification.

Accepted Answer

Just because a witness is confident and forceful in their testimony, it does not necessarily mean that they are accurate. Studies have shown that eyewitness testimony can be unreliable, and there is a high risk of false identification or false memory. Therefore, it is important to consider all the evidence available and not solely rely on the testimony of one witness.

Question 3

The Internet,with its series of links from one site to many others,is a good analogy for the organization of ________.&#10;A)short-term memory&#10;B)episodic memory&#10;C)long-term memory&#10;D)procedural memory

Accepted Answer

The organization of long-term memory is best compared to the structure of the internet, as both feature a vast network of interconnected nodes or "sites" of information. Memories in long-term memory can be accessed by following a web of associations between related pieces of information, much like navigating the links between web pages on the internet. Short-term memory is limited in capacity and duration and does not have the same network structure as the internet. Episodic memory refers to memories of specific events, which may or may not be organized in a networked structure. Procedural memory refers to the memory of how to do something and may not necessarily involve the same associative network structure as long-term memory or the internet.

Question 4

The best place to take your biology exam to ensure good retrieval of biology concepts is in ________.&#10;A)the biology classroom&#10;B)an auditorium to prevent cheating&#10;C)the English classroom&#10;D)the special testing room used for all exams

Accepted Answer

The biology classroom is the best place to take the biology exam as students are familiar with the surroundings and the environment is conducive to retrieving biology concepts.

Question 5

Short-term memories appear to be localized in the ________.&#10;A)occipital lobe&#10;B)cingulate gyrus&#10;C)amygdala&#10;D)prefrontal lobes

Accepted Answer

Short-term memories are primarily localized in the prefrontal lobes, specifically in the dorsolateral prefrontal cortex. This area is responsible for working memory, which is the ability to hold and manipulate information temporarily in order to accomplish a task. Other brain regions, such as the hippocampus and amygdala, may also be involved in short-term memory processing, but they are not the primary location.

Question 6

Which of these individuals is the most typical person involved in a case in which memories of past childhood abuse are recalled later in life?&#10;A)thirty-year-old Charlotte,who sought therapy for anxiety,depression,and recent weight gain with a therapist who uses hypnosis&#10;B)thirty-year-old Steve,who sought therapy for symptoms that developed after serving in Desert Storm&#10;C)ten-year-old Willard,who was referred by a pediatrician for symptoms that appear to meet the diagnostic criteria for hyperactivity&#10;D)fifty-year-old Agnes,who fell,hit her head,and suddenly began remembering that her brother abused her sexually when she was eight years old

Accepted Answer

Charlotte's situation involves therapy for anxiety and depression with a therapist who uses hypnosis, which is a common context for the recovery of repressed memories of childhood abuse.

Question 7

Repeating items over and over in order to aid memory is known as ________ rehearsal.&#10;A)repetitive&#10;B)imagery&#10;C)elaborative&#10;D)maintenance

Accepted Answer

Maintenance rehearsal is the repetition of information over and over again in order to keep it in short-term memory. This can help with immediate recall, but it does not necessarily lead to long-term retention.

Question 8

People with Alzheimer's disease typically have a memory problem known as ________.&#10;A)amygdaloid amnesia&#10;B)inferograde amnesia&#10;C)retrograde amnesia&#10;D)anterograde amnesia

Accepted Answer

Anterograde amnesia is the inability to create new memories after the onset of amnesia. People with Alzheimer's disease often experience this type of memory impairment, making it difficult for them to remember recent events, conversations, and the people they've met. Retrograde amnesia, on the other hand, affects the recall of events that occurred before the onset of amnesia, while inferograde amnesia specifically refers to the inability to remember new information, but not necessarily the inability to form new memories. Amygdaloid amnesia is a rare condition that specifically affects emotional memories.

Question 9

For which famous memory researcher is memory a problem-solving activity in which the problem is to give a coherent account of some past event,and the memory is the solution to that problem?&#10;A)Bartlett&#10;B)Meyer&#10;C)Ebbinghaus&#10;D)Skinner

Accepted Answer

This definition of memory is associated with Bartlett's theory of reconstructive memory, which emphasizes how people use their knowledge and schema to reconstruct memories and make sense of past events. Bartlett believed that memory is not a passive process of storage and retrieval, but an active and dynamic process of interpretation and reconstruction. Thus, memory is a problem-solving activity in which people try to make sense of their experiences by fitting them into their existing knowledge structures and expectations. Bartlett's approach has influenced many subsequent theories of memory, including cognitive and social-cognitive models.

Question 10

_______ is the retention of memory for some period of time.&#10;A)Encoding&#10;B)Storage&#10;C)Retrieval&#10;D)Evaluation

Accepted Answer

Storage refers to the retention of memory for some period of time. Encoding is the process of transferring information into memory and retrieval is the process of accessing stored memories. Evaluation is not a term used in memory psychology.

Deck 7: A: Memory