Deck 10: Using Words Well: Speaker Language and Style

Question 1

10-17 Statements such as,"Money talks," "That's my car;isn't she beautiful," and "The wind moaned and screeched," are all examples of

A)personification.
B)personalism.
C)metaphors.
D)similes.

Answer 1

A

Question 2

10-07 ______ refers to the meaning listeners associate with a word,based on their experience.

A)Connotation
B)Denotation
C)Imagination
D)Colloquialism

Answer 2

A

Question 3

10-11 The specialized language of a profession is

A)jargon.
B)vernacular.
C)denotation.
D)regionalism.

Answer 3

A

Question 4

10-10 Words or phrases used uniquely by speakers in one part of a country are

A)regionalisms.
B)denotation.
C)connotations.
D)jargon.

Question 5

10-18 In his speech about the Titanic,Kiefer said the following: "She was the new world,the new technology,the best of the best.But a technology that failed,leaving many souls in a cold,watery grave." What form of effective language usage has Kiefer employed?

A)omission
B)simile
C)metaphor
D)alliteration

Question 6

10-09 A variety of English that includes words or phrases used by a specific ethnic group is

A)regionalisms.
B)ethnic vernacular.
C)connotation.
D)jargon.

Question 7

10-15 An implied comparison between two things is

A)an inversion.
B)a metaphor.
C)parallelism.
D)personification.

Question 8

10-08 The literal or dictionary meaning of a word is its

A)connotation.
B)denotation.
C)regionalism.
D)vernacular.

Question 9

10-16 When you keep your audience in suspense or say something in your speech that is different from the expected,you are creating

A)cadence.
B)confusion.
C)drama.
D)proximity.

Question 10

10-19 In a speech about preparing oneself for the death of a loved one,Amber made repeated reference to "Death,the unwanted stranger at the door." She hoped to create a sense of drama for her audience,while at the same time getting them to seriously consider her points.What figure of speech did Amber use in her presentation?

A)metaphor
B)simile
C)hyperbole
D)personification

Question 11

10-06 What is a cliché?

A)a dictionary definition of a word
B)a speech device used to present specific information
C)an overused expression.
D)a concrete word or phrase which expresses clear communication

Question 12

10-20 Leaving out a word or phrase that the audience expects to hear is

A)omission.
B)personification.
C)inversion.
D)suspension.

Question 13

10-05 The term ______ means succinct or to the point.

A)denotation
B)jargon
C)cliché
D)concise

Question 14

10-13 What is wrong with the following statement in a speech? "If you believe we should have stiffer penalties for juvenile offenders,then write your congressman."

A)The language is controversial and likely to incite a negative emotional response in listeners.
B)The language is sexist,as the term "congressman" implies only men serve in the legislature.
C)The language should be more vivid and specific in order to move the audience to action.
D)The statement employs the use of jargon.

Question 15

10-03 A word that is specific and appeals to at least one of our five senses is known as a(n)_____ word.

A)abstract
B)concrete
C)sensual
D)simple

Question 16

10-04 A linguistic theory known as ______ holds that the more concrete your words are,the clearer your communication will be.

A)denotation
B)connotation
C)abstract vernacular
D)general semantics

Question 17

10-01 Oral language is different from written language in that it

A)is more formal and precise.
B)allows for few repetitions.
C)is more personal and repetitive.
D)uses few figures of speech.

Question 18

10-14 Language used by speakers during momentous or overwhelming times is

A)specialized jargon.
B)crisis rhetoric.
C)personification.
D)vernacular.

Question 19

10-02 Oral style tends to be _____ than written style.

A)less repetitive
B)more formal
C)less personal
D)less formal

Question 20

10-12 When speakers substitute the word "flight attendant" for "stewardess" or "steward",they are using language that is

A)jargon.
B)biased.
C)unbiased.
D)standard.

Question 21

10-32 Memorized speeches usually sound as if they were written because the words and phrases are longer,more complex,and more formal than those used by most speakers.

Question 22

10-26 The term antithesis refers to

A)using a key word or phrase more than once for emphasis.
B)having two or more clauses or sentences with the same grammatical pattern.
C)a sentence that has two parts with parallel structures but contrasting meanings.
D)the repetition of consonant sound several times in a phrase,clause,or sentence.

Question 23

10-27 When Reverend Jesse Jackson says,"We must relate instead of debate;we must inspire instead of retire;and we must repair instead of despair," what linguistic device is he using?

A)metaphor
B)omission
C)parallelism
D)inversion

Question 24

10-37 The denotation of a word consists of the meaning we associate with the word,based on our past experiences.

Question 25

10-36 The best language is often the simplest.

Question 26

10-28 In language style,a sentence that uses ______ has two parts with parallel structures but contrasting meanings.

A)antithesis
B)omission
C)parallelism
D)inversion

Question 27

10-39 You should eliminate phrases that add no meaning to your message.

Question 28

10-23 The rhythm of language is

A)cadence.
B)drama.
C)suspension.
D)inversion.

Question 29

10-21 President George W.Bush,in eulogizing President Reagan,stated when Ronald Reagan was a child he "knew the world as a place of open plains,quiet streets,gas-lit rooms,and carriages drawn by horses." Which language device was President Bush using when he said "carriages drawn by horses"?

A)He was using antithesis.
B)He was using metaphor.
C)He was using inversion.
D)He was using personification.

Question 30

10-25 One strategy for creating cadence is

A)to leave out a word the audience expects.
B)reverse the normal word order in sentences.
C)use words with strong audience connotation.
D)to use parallelism in sentences or phrases.

Question 31

10-22 Using a key word or phrase at the end rather than the beginning of a sentence,such as in the statement "She's an inspiration,a best friend,and a teacher;she's also my mom" is a stylistic device known as

A)alliteration.
B)omission.
C)suspension.
D)inversion.

Question 32

10-24 What is one benefit of using repetition in a speech?

A)It creates a sense of contrast.
B)It gives rhythm and power to your message.
C)It builds suspense which captures audience interest.
D)It surprises the audience,creating a sense of drama.

Question 33

10-30 When using stylistic devices in your speech,you should use them

A)abundantly.
B)throughout the entire speech.
C)only in the introduction.
D)to economize.

Question 34

10-38 The connotation of a word is its literal meaning,the definition you find in a dictionary.

Question 35

10-31 Oral communication often uses a rather formal language and structure.

Question 36

10-40 A regionalism is a word or phrase used uniquely by speakers in one part of a country.

Question 37

10-33 Specific words are often concrete words,which appeal to one of our five senses.

Question 38

10-35 A linguistic theory known as general semantics holds that the more concrete your words,the clearer your communication.

Question 39

10-29 The statement,"Now is the time for determination,decisiveness,and dedication" employs what linguistic device?

A)antithesis
B)alliteration
C)repetition
D)parallelism

Question 40

10-34 General words are often abstract words,which refer to ideas or qualities.

Question 41

10-48 Explain the difference between a metaphor and a simile and give an example of each.

Question 42

10-41 A _____ is an implied comparison between two things or concepts.

Question 43

10-47 Explain how speakers can adapt language style to diverse audiences.

Question 44

10-46 What are the major differences between oral and written language styles?

Question 45

10-49 What stylistic devices can a speaker use to create drama? Give an example of each.

Question 46

10-45 In language style,a sentence that uses ______ has two parts with parallel structures but contrasting meanings.

Question 47

10-42 A _____ is a comparison between two things that uses the word like or as.

Question 48

10-43 _____ is language used by speakers during momentous or overwhelming times.

Question 49

10-44 _____ is the attribution of human qualities to inanimate things or ideas.

Question 50

10-50 What stylistic devices can a speaker use to create cadence? Give an example of each.