Deck 5: Basic Cryptography

Question 1

Which type of cryptographic algorithm takes an input string of any length, and returns a string of any requested variable length?

A)Substitution
B)Block
C)Loop
D)Sponge

Answer 1

D

Question 2

A Hardware Security Module (HSM) is essentially a chip on the motherboard of the computer that provides cryptographic services.

Answer 2

False

Question 3

The asymmetric cryptography algorithm most commonly used is:

A)AES
B)RSA
C)Twofish
D)Blowfish

Answer 3

B

Question 4

A hash algorithm is designed to create a hash that represents the contents of a set of data that can later be decrypted.

Question 5

Select below the hashing algorithm that takes plaintext of any length and generates a digest 128 bits in length:

A)RSA
B)SHA1
C)MD5
D)MD2

Question 6

A block cipher works on a single character at a time, and is faster than a stream cipher.

Question 7

What is the name of the open source asymmetric cryptography system that runs on Windows, UNIX, and Linux systems, and is compatible with PGP?

A)GPG
B)OGP
C)CGP
D)GPP

Question 8

After the DES cipher was broken and no longer considered secure, what encryption algorithm was made as its successor?

A)AES
B)Twofish
C)3DES
D)RSA

Question 9

Cryptography that attempts to use the microscopic behaviors of objects to develop and share keys while also detecting eavesdropping is known as what type of cryptography?

A)Reactive cryptography
B)Symmetric cryptography
C)Analog cryptography
D)Quantum cryptography

Question 10

In cryptography, which of the five basic protections ensures that the information is correct and no unauthorized person or malicious software has altered that data?

A)Confidentiality
B)Availability
C)Encryption
D)Integrity

Question 11

Which of the following is not one of the functions of a digital signature?

A)Verification of the sender
B)Prevention of the sender from disowning the message
C)Prove the integrity of the message
D)Protect the public key

Question 12

Steganography hides the existence of data within images by dividing and hiding portions of a file within the image.

Question 13

What is the block cipher algorithm that operates on 64-bit blocks and can have a key length from 32 to 448 bits known as?

A)RSA
B)AES
C)Blowfish
D)3DES

Question 14

Self-encrypting HDD is commonly found in copiers and multifunction printers as well as point-of-sale systems used in government, financial, and medical environments.

Question 15

The simplest type of stream cipher, one in which one letter or character is exchanged for another, is known as what?

A)shift
B)substitution
C)lock
D)loop

Question 16

What cryptographic method, first proposed in the mid-1980s, makes use of sloping curves instead of large prime numbers?

A)FCC
B)RSA
C)ECC
D)IKE

Question 17

Data that is in an unencrypted form is referred to as which of the following?

A)Plaintext
B)Plain text
C)Simpletext
D)Cleartext

Question 18

What type of cryptography uses two keys instead of just one, generating both a private and a public key?

A)Symmetric
B)Asymmetric
C)Shared
D)Open

Question 19

What is the name of the cryptographic hash function that has international recognition and has been adopted by standards organizations such as the ISO, that creates a digest of 512 bits and will not be subject to patents?

A)Twofish
B)Blowfish
C)Whirlpool
D)Rijndal

Question 20

If using the MD5 hashing algorithm, what is the length to which each message is padded?

A)32 bits
B)64 bits
C)128 bits
D)512 bits

Question 21

In information technology, ____________________ is the process of proving that a user performed an action, such as sending an e-mail message or a specific document.
​Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions.​

Question 22

The original cryptographic algorithms for encrypting and decrypting documents are ____________________ cryptographic algorithms.

Question 23

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
​An algorithm that takes one character and replaces it with one character.

Question 24

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
A temporary key that is used only once before it is discarded.​

Question 25

A key that is generated by a symmetric cryptographic algorithm is said to be a:

A)private key
B)public key
C)symmetric key
D)shared key

Question 26

What type of cryptographic algorithm is considered to be a one-way algorithm, in that its contents can't be used to reveal the original set of data?

A)hash
B)key
C)digest
D)block

Question 27

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
A cipher that manipulates an entire block of plaintext at one time.​

Question 28

On what principle did Julius Caesar's cryptographic messages function?

A)Each alphabetic letter was replaced by a corresponding number
B)Each alphabetic letter was represented by a seemingly random symbol
C)Each alphabetic letter was shifted three places down in the alphabet
D)Each alphabetic letter was shifted 5 places up in the alphabet.

Question 29

A(n) ____________________ is a method used by operating systems to store, retrieve, and organize files.

Question 30

The SHA-1 hashing algorithm creates a digest that is how many bits in length?

A)​96 bits
B)​128 bits
C)​160 bits
D)​192 bits

Question 31

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
A key exchange that requires all parties to agree upon a large prime number and related integer so that the same key can be separately created.​

Question 32

Select below the standard that is based on the Rijndael algorithm, and was approved by NIST in late 2000 as a replacement for DES:

A)AES
B)3DES
C)RSA
D)Twofish

Question 33

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
​A symmetric cipher that was approved by the NIST in late 2000 as a replacement for DES

Question 34

The NTRUEncrypt cryptographic algorithm makes use of which of the following cryptographic techniques?

A)matrix-based
B)lattice-based
C)linear
D)quantum

Question 35

A ________________ involves combining plaintext with a random key to create ciphertext that cannot be broken mathematically.​

Question 36

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
​An algorithm that uses elliptic curves instead of prime numbers to compute keys

Question 37

The Data Encryption Standard is a(n) ______________ cipher.

Question 38

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
​A symmetric block cipher that uses a 56-bit key and encrypts data in 64-bit blocks

Question 39

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
An asymmetric encryption key that does not have to be protected.​

Question 40

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
​An asymmetric encryption key that does have to be protected.

Question 41

Describe the RIPEMD hash.

Question 42

Explain hashing.

Question 43

How can steganography be used to hide information in something other than images?

Question 44

Describe how Message Digest2 (MD2) works.

Question 45

Describe hard disk drive encryption.

Question 46

Discuss how cryptography can help ensure the availability of the data.

Question 47

Match the following terms to the appropriate definitions
a. Advanced Encryption Standard (AES)
b. Block cipher
c. Ciphertext
d. Data Encryption Standard (DES)
e. Diffie-Hellman (DH)
f. Elliptic curve cryptography (ECC)
g. Ephemeral key
h. Private key
i. Public key
j. Stream cipher
Data that has been encrypted.​

Question 48

List and describe the characteristics a hashing algorithm must have to be considered secure.

Question 49

Discuss how HMAC works.

Question 50

Describe how a block cipher works.