Deck 4: The Cells: the Raw Materials and Building Blocks

Question 1

The cell receives its shape from a network of microtubules and filaments known as the ________.

A)Cytoskeleton
B)Endoskeleton
C)Exoskeleton
D)Microskeleton

Answer 1

A

Question 2

The cells that make up the human body are called ________.

A)Mitotic cells
B)Meiotic cells
C)Eukaryotic cells
D)Chromosomal cells

Answer 2

C

Question 3

Which microorganism has the ability to become part of the cell and is then much harder to destroy?

A)Virus
B)Fungi
C)Bacteria
D)Protozoa

Answer 3

A

Question 4

Which molecule is least likely to be able to pass through a cell membrane without help?

A)H₂O
B)CH₄
C)C₆H₁₂O₆
D)C₇H₁₆

Question 5

The molecule made by mitochondria that provides the power to the cell is ________.

A)ATP
B)RNA
C)ADP
D)DNA

Question 6

When all the carrier molecules are full and no more molecules can be carried across the cell membrane, this is called ________.

A)Inhibition
B)Saturation
C)Competition
D)Specificity

Question 7

The most important molecules for making the cell membrane selectively permeable are ________.

A)Proteins
B)Phospholipids
C)Cholesterol
D)ATP

Question 8

A series of channels found within the cytoplasm that is formed from folded membrane is ________.

A)Golgi apparatus
B)Facilitated diffusion
C)Endoplasmic reticulum
D)Cell membrane

Question 9

Which disease is caused by a protozoan?

A)Candidiasis
B)Shingles
C)Malaria
D)Strep

Question 10

The organelles that provide 95% of the body's energy are ________.

A)Ribosomes
B)Mitochondria
C)Adenosines
D)Cytoplasma

Question 11

When the body performs cellular respiration, food is changed into a form of energy called ________.

A)RNA
B)ADP
C)DNA
D)ATP

Question 12

The substance commonly transported during facilitated diffusion is ________.

A)Glucose
B)Sodium
C)Cytoplasm
D)Potassium

Question 13

Sperm cells are able to move in a swimming motion by the use of ____________.

A)Centrioles
B)Cilia
C)Vesicles
D)Flagella

Question 14

____________ are short, hair-like projections found on the outer surface of specific cells.

A)Capsids
B)Vesicles
C)Cilia
D)Flagella

Question 15

Which microorganism is spread by the release of spores?

A)Bacteria
B)Virus
C)Fungi
D)Protozoa

Question 16

The process of allowing substances into and out of the cell is controlled by the ________.

A)Nucleus
B)Cell membrane
C)Lysosomes
D)Golgi apparatus

Question 17

The process of cleaning debris and waste from the cell is carried out by ________.

A)Lysosomes
B)Lipids
C)Filaments
D)Ribosomes

Question 18

An organism that produces disease is known as a(n) ________.

A)Organelle
B)Pathogen
C)Magnetosome
D)Centriole

Question 19

What section of the cell cycle is actually devoted to cell division?

A)Interphase
B)Cellphase
C)Duophase
D)Mitosis phase

Question 20

Given that they have lots of golgi, salivary glands and pancreatic cells must perform which function(s)?

A)Lipid synthesis
B)DNA synthesis
C)Protein synthesis
D)Secretion and storage

Question 21

All of the following can reproduce asexually except ________.

A)Animal cells
B)Plant cells
C)Viruses
D)Bacteria

Question 22

This is the site of protein synthesis in the cell ________.

A)Mitochondria
B)Lysosomes
C)Ribosomes
D)Golgi apparatus

Question 23

During this phase of mitosis, the chromosomes split and the spindles pull them apart ________.

A)Telophase
B)Anaphase
C)Metaphase
D)Interphase

Question 24

This organelle consists of tiny flattened sacs that help process and package chemicals in the cell ________.

A)Ribosome
B)Mitochondria
C)Golgi apparatus
D)Lysosome

Question 25

This general process is utilized by the cells for the intake of liquid and food when the substance is too large to diffuse across the cell membrane ________.

A)Pinocytosis
B)Endocytosis
C)Exocytosis
D)Phagocytosis

Question 26

Bacterial cells have no nucleus or organelles and reproduce easily through a process known as ________.

A)Chromatin
B)Eukaryosis
C)Interphase
D)Binary fission

Question 27

During this phase of mitosis, chromosomes are aligned in the center of the cell ________.

A)Telophase
B)Anaphase
C)Metaphase
D)Prophase

Question 28

Malaria is caused by which of the following types of infections?

A)Viral
B)Bacterial
C)Protozoan
D)Fungal

Question 29

These are extremely fine hair-like structures on the surface of the cell ________.

A)Cilia
B)Microvilli
C)Flagella
D)Rough endoplasmic reticulum

Question 30

These are called the "power plants" of the cell ________.

A)Ribosome
B)Mitochondria
C)Golgi apparatus
D)Lysosomes

Question 31

Which of these is not part of a cell?

A)The plasma membrane
B)The interstitial fluid
C)The cytoplasm
D)The nucleus
E)All of the above are part of the cell

Question 32

________ are unique because they cannot grow, "eat," or reproduce by themselves.

A)Bacteria
B)Fungi
C)Protozoans
D)Viruses

Question 33

This is the movement of water from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher concentration through a membrane ________.

A)Osmosis
B)Diffusion
C)Filtration
D)Dialysis

Question 34

The mitosis phase has four divisions; when do the chromosomes split?

A)Anaphase
B)Metaphase
C)Prophase
D)Telephase

Question 35

Cancer is diagnosed by a variety of techniques, including all of these except ________.

A)Biopsy
B)Blood test
C)Chemotherapy
D)Imaging

Question 36

Micro-organisms that live within or on us normally are collectively called ________.

A)Cancer cells
B)Normal flora
C)Epithelial cells
D)White blood cells

Question 37

An example of fungal infection is ________.

A)Athlete's foot
B)Thrush
C)Common cold
D)a and b only

Question 38

Which of these is not a function of the cell membrane?

A)Protein synthesis
B)Regulation of what moves into and out of the cell
C)Identifying the cell
D)Holding the cell together

Question 39

Ninety percent of the cell's life is spent in which phase during the cell cycle ________.

A)Interphase
B)Prophase
C)Anaphase
D)Metaphase
E)Telophase

Question 40

These organelles contain powerful enzymes that take care of cleaning up intracellular debris and other waste ________.

A)Ribosomes
B)Smooth endoplasmic reticulum
C)Mitochondria
D)Lysosomes

Question 41

________ involves using pressure to force water and its solutes through a membrane.

Question 42

The ____________ is the control center of the cell.

Question 43

The phase in which the chromosomes become visible is ____________.

Question 44

Signs and symptoms of bacterial infection may include ________.

A)High fever
B)Rapid pulse
C)Pain and swelling
D)All of the above Short

Question 45

The ________ is a series of channels in the cytoplasm.

Question 46

The word for non-cancerous is ____________.

Question 47

_______________ is a process in which water will travel across a semipermeable membrane from an area of lower solute concentration to an area of higher solute concentration.

Question 48

Parts of the cell are called ____________.

Question 49

The process of blocking a carrier is called ______________________.

Question 50

When cells make copies of themselves without the involvement of another cell, it is called ____________.

Question 51

________ are tiny building blocks of all matter which combine to form molecules.

Question 52

____________ act as power plants in the cell.

Question 53

The process of sorting the chromosomes so that each new cell gets the right number of copies of all the genetic material is called ____________.

Question 54

____________ is the process in which a substance travels from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.

Question 55

________ is the process in which water travels through a selectively permeable membrane to equalize concentrations of a solute.

Question 56

When a cell membrane actively surrounds a solid substance and forms a vesicle which moves into the cell, this is called ____________.

Question 57

____________ are whip-like tails that help cells move.

Question 58

Normal ____________ are bacteria that are normal in the body.

Question 59

____________ are pathogens that are surrounded by capsids.

Question 60

Because all substances cannot pass easily through it, cell membranes are known as selectively permeable or _______________________ membranes.

Question 61

Following the analogy in your book, consider ribosomes the manufacturing plant for building materials used for ________ and repair.

Question 62

The ability of a substance to "pull" water toward an area of higher concentration of the solute is called ________.

Question 63

The breaking off and spreading of malignant cells is called ________.

Question 64

________ differs from osmosis in that pressure is applied to force water and dissolved materials across a membrane.

Question 65

A(n) ________ packages and delivers proteins.

Question 66

Viruses cannot grow, eat, or reproduce by themselves, but must enter another ________ to do its cellular activities.

Question 67

An organism that produces disease is called a(n) ________.

Question 68

A spherical body made up of dense fibers called the ________ is found within the cell nucleus.

Question 69

Any time a new cell is made, it is made by a process of ________.

Question 70

Mitosis is the division and sorting of the genetic material, while ________ is the division of the cytoplasm.

Question 71

Examples of fungal infections are athlete's foot and a mouth fungus called ________ or candidiasis.

Question 72

Bacterial infections are treated with ________, chemicals that can kill the prokaryotic bacteria without harming eukaryotic cells.

Question 73

The phase in which the chromosomes split and the spindles pull apart is ________.

Question 74

Without mitosis, your body would not be able to grow, or replace old or ________ cells.

Question 75

Viruses can stay dormant in the body and become ________ once again, later in life.

Question 76

Bacteria, which are prokaryotes, grow rapidly and reproduce by splitting in ________.

Question 77

Benign tumors typically grow slowly, and push ________ cells out of the way.

Question 78

________ are microscopic, hair-like projections on the outer surface of some cells.

Question 79

The brief portion of the cell cycle that is devoted to actual cell division is the ________ phase.

Question 80

Viruses have their genetic material surrounded by a protective protein coat called
a(n) ________.