Question 1

PolyA)polymerase .&#10;A)adds the polyA)tail to prokaryotic mRNAs&#10;B)generates short RNA molecules with repeating adenine residues used in regulation of transcription&#10;C)adds the adenine cap to processed eukaryotic mRNAs&#10;D)generates the 3' tail on eukaryotic mRNAs

Accepted Answer

Poly(A) polymerase adds a poly(A) tail to the 3' end of eukaryotic mRNAs, which is important for mRNA stability, translation efficiency, and export from the nucleus. Therefore, the best choice is D. Options A and C are incorrect, as poly(A) tails are added only to eukaryotic mRNAs, not prokaryotic mRNAs, and there is no adenine cap in processed eukaryotic mRNAs. Option B is incorrect, as short RNA molecules with repeating adenine residues are not generated by poly(A) polymerase, but by other enzymes such as RNA polymerase III.

Question 2

In bacteria,is involved in processing tRNAs.&#10;A)ribonuclease P&#10;B)ribonuclease H&#10;C)ribonuclease D&#10;D)ribonuclease E/F

Accepted Answer

Ribonuclease P is a ribonucleoprotein complex that processes precursor tRNAs by removing the 5' leader sequence. It is essential for the maturation of functional tRNAs, and mutations in ribonuclease P can lead to severe growth defects in bacteria. Ribonuclease H, D, and E/F are also involved in RNA processing, but they do not have a specific role in tRNA maturation.

Question 3

RNA processing includes .&#10;A)base modification&#10;B)intron removal and exon splicing&#10;C)addition of extra bases&#10;D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

RNA processing involves base modification, intron removal and exon splicing, and the addition of extra bases, such as the poly(A) tail and 5' cap in eukaryotic mRNA.

Question 4

Some pre-rRNAs are processed to generate mature rRNA and tRNA.

Accepted Answer

Pre-rRNA transcripts undergo processing to generate mature rRNAs, which are essential components of the ribosome, while pre-tRNA transcripts are also processed to produce mature tRNAs, which are involved in protein synthesis.

Question 5

Multiple messenger RNAs can be generated from the same gene by selecting .&#10;A)an alternative promoter when available&#10;B)a different location for the addition of the polyA)tail&#10;C)and splicing different exon cassettes&#10;D)all of the above

Accepted Answer

Multiple messenger RNAs can be generated from the same gene by selecting an alternative promoter when available, a different location for the addition of the polyA tail, and splicing different exon cassettes. Therefore, all of the above choices are the best choice for generating multiple messenger RNAs from the same gene.

Question 6

Which modified nucleotide base is part of the 5' cap on eukaryotic mRNAs?&#10;A)cytosine&#10;B)guanine&#10;C)adenine&#10;D)uracil

Accepted Answer

The modified nucleotide base that is part of the 5' cap on eukaryotic mRNAs is 7-methylguanosine (m7G).

Question 7

Ribozymes are .&#10;A)generated from proteins&#10;B)RNA molecules with catalytic activities&#10;C)proteins that degrade RNAs&#10;D)protein complexes involved in RNA processing

Accepted Answer

Ribozymes are RNA molecules that are capable of catalyzing chemical reactions, similar to the way proteins can act as enzymes. They were discovered in the 1980s and have since been found to be involved in various biological processes, including gene expression and RNA processing. Unlike proteins, which are made up of amino acids, ribozymes are made up of nucleotides, the building blocks of RNA.

Question 8

Self-splicing introns,ribosomes,and RNase P are examples of .&#10;A)ribozymes&#10;B)proteins&#10;C)RNA processing enzymes&#10;D)structural RNAs

Accepted Answer

Self-splicing introns, ribosomes, and RNase P are all examples of ribozymes, which are RNA molecules that can catalyze chemical reactions.

Question 9

Primary transcripts are in the final form for translation into protein.

Accepted Answer

Primary transcripts undergo further processing, such as splicing and polyadenylation, before they are in their final form for translation into protein.

Question 10

The regions of transcript that contain protein coding sequence are called .&#10;A)introns&#10;B)exons&#10;C)inteins&#10;D)exteins

Accepted Answer

Exons are the regions of a transcript that contain protein-coding sequence. Introns, on the other hand, are non-coding regions that are removed during RNA splicing. Inteins and exteins are not related to protein-coding sequence in transcripts.

Deck 12: Processing of RNA