Deck 17: A: Using Punishment: Time-Out and Response Cost

Question 1

​When a behavior occurs and is followed by the presentation of a stimulus that results in a decrease in the behavior in the future,it is referred to as:

A) ​negative punishment
B) ​positive punishment
C) ​negative reinforcement
D) ​extinction

Answer 1

B

Question 2

​Negative punishment procedures involve the ____________ following the occurrence of a problem behavior.

A) ​removal of an aversive stimulus
B) ​removal of a reinforcing stimulus
C) ​presentation of a reinforcing stimulus
D) ​presentation of an aversive event

Answer 2

B

Question 3

​Nonexclusionary time-out is not used when

A) ​the individual's continued presence in the room is disruptive to others
B) ​access to positive reinforcers can be removed while the individual is in the room
C) ​participating in the activities in the classroom was reinforcing for the individual
D) ​A and C

Answer 3

A

Question 4

​In behavior modification,an aversive stimulus is defined in terms of:

A) ​how painful it is
B) ​its effect on behavior
C) ​how unpleasant it is
D) ​all of these

Question 5

​The complete name for time-out is:

A) ​time-out for behavior reduction
B) ​time-out from reinforcement
C) ​time-out from positive reinforcement
D) ​time-out from reinforcing activities

Question 6

​Punishment procedures are typically used ____________ functional nonaversive procedures.

A) ​before
B) ​after
C) ​instead of
D) ​A and C

Question 7

​Nonexclusionary time-out is used when:

A) ​the individual's continued presence in the room is disruptive to others
B) ​access to positive reinforcers can be removed while the individual is in the room
C) ​​it is important to maintain interactions with the individual during the time-out
D) ​A and C

Question 8

​While coloring with other children,Sarah begins to use her crayons to mess up the other children's pictures.Sarah is removed from the table for a brief period of time,and can only watch the other children coloring.In which punishment procedure does the individual remain in the room,but is removed from access to positive reinforcers?

A) ​exclusionary time-out
B) ​nonexclusionary time-out
C) ​negative reinforcement
D) ​response cost

Question 9

​Which of the following occur(s)when DRO is used in conjunction with a punishment procedure?

A) ​the absence of the problem behavior is reinforced
B) ​an alternative behavior is reinforced
C) ​the problem behavior increases
D) ​A and B

Question 10

​When a behavior occurs and is followed by the removal of a stimulus that results in a decrease in the behavior in the future,it is referred to as:

A) ​negative punishment
B) ​positive punishment
C) ​negative reinforcement
D) ​extinction

Question 11

​Which of the following is NOT true concerning the use of punishment in conjunction with DRA?

A) ​an alternative behavior is reinforced
B) ​the problem behavior will decrease
C) ​the absence of the problem behavior is reinforced
D) ​an alternative behavior will increase

Question 12

​Which of the following is a negative punishment procedure?

A) ​overcorrection
B) ​guided compliance
C) ​negative reinforcement
D) ​response cost

Question 13

​When a time-out procedure is used,the ____________ environment must consist of positively reinforcing activities or interactions.

A) ​time-out
B) ​time-in
C) ​adjacent
D) ​distal

Question 14

​When Timmy hits his little brother while they are playing video games,his Mom removes him from the game and he has to sit in a chair by himself for five minutes.As a result,Timmy is less likely to hit his brother in the future.Which punishment procedure is involved in this example?

A) ​time-out
B) ​isolation
C) ​overcorrection
D) ​negative reinforcement

Question 15

​When a behavior occurs and is followed by a consequence that results in a decrease in the behavior in the future,it is referred to as:

A) ​extinction
B) ​antecedent control
C) ​negative reinforcement
D) ​punishment

Question 16

​Punishment procedures should be used in conjunction with ____________ procedures.

A) ​chaining
B) ​extinction
C) ​shaping
D) ​reinforcement

Question 17

​Which of the following is NOT true concerning the use of punishment in behavior modification?

A) ​it can involve the presentation of a stimulus event
B) ​it typically involves the use of a painful stimulus
C) ​its use can be controversial
D) ​it can involve the removal of a stimulus event

Question 18

​Matthew gets upset and throws one of his toys against the wall.His Dad then removes him from the toy room and puts him in the hallway for a brief period of time.As a result,the probability of Matthew throwing his toys against the wall decreases.Which negative punishment procedure is Matthew's Dad using with him?

A) ​response cost
B) ​restitution
C) ​nonexclusionary time-out
D) ​exclusionary time-out

Question 19

​Positive punishment pro​cedures involve the ____________ following the occurrence of a problem behavior.

A) ​removal of an aversive stimulus
B) ​removal of a reinforcing stimulus
C) ​presentation of a reinforcing stimulus
D) ​presentation of an aversive

Question 20

​In order for time-out to be implemented,the time-out area should:

A) ​contain positive reinforcers
B) ​have a lock on the door to prevent escape
C) ​be free from sharp or breakable objects
D) ​all of these

Question 21

​In _______________________ time out,the child is moved to another part of the room contingent on the occurrence of the problem behavior.

Question 22

​Which of the following is NOT a consideration in the use of time-out?

A) ​is time-out practical in the circumstances?
B) ​can interactions be maintained throughout the time-out period?
C) ​can escape be prevented?
D) ​is it safe to use time-out?

Question 23

​Response cost is a ________________________ punishment procedure.

Question 24

​In __________________________,a specified amount of a reinforcer is removed contingent on the occurrence of the problem behavior.

Question 25

​Time-out should be used when:

A) ​the reinforcer for the problem behavior is escape from a task
B) ​the time-in environment is not reinforcing
C) ​functional procedures have not been implemented
D) ​none of these

Question 26

​Two common negative punishment procedures are ___________ and ___________.

Question 27

​Which of the following can be used in response cost procedures?

A) ​activity punishers
B) ​tangible reinforcers
C) ​conditioned responses
D) ​aversive stimuli

Question 28

​Which of the following is true concerning the time-out period?

A) ​the time-out period should be brief
B) ​the period is extended if the problem behavior is occurring at the end of the time-out
C) ​there should be a delay between the behavior and removal from the environment
D) ​A and B

Question 29

​The extension of the time-out period when the individual is engaging in the problem behavior at the end of the time-out period is referred to as:

A) ​contingent delay
B) ​overcorrection
C) ​response cost
D) ​secondary time-out

Question 30

​Time-out is not appropriate to use with problem behaviors maintained by ___________ or ___________.

Question 31

​Time-out is a _______________________ punishment procedure.

Question 32

​The use of response cost involves the consideration of:

A) ​whether interactions can be avoided
B) ​which reinforcer to remove and when the loss will occur
C) ​whether escape can be prevented
D) ​when the punishing stimulus will be presented

Question 33

​The procedures of extinction,response cost,and time-out are similar in that they all:

A) ​are used to decrease problem behaviors
B) ​involve removing the individual from access to reinforcement following the behavior
C) ​involve removing the reinforcer that is maintaining the behavior
D) ​all of these

Question 34

​Nicole comes home past her curfew,and is not allowed to use the car for a week.As a result,Nicole no longer comes home past her curfew.Which punishment procedure is illustrated in this example?

A) ​extinction
B) ​time-out
C) ​negative reinforcement
D) ​response cost

Question 35

​___________ involves removal of a child from a reinforcing situation in which the child loses access to reinforcing activities or interactions.

Question 36

​Time-out will be successful only if the time-in environment is _________________________.

Question 37

​In ______________________ time out,the child is taken to another room contingent on the occurrence of the problem behavior.

Question 38

​What behavioral principle(s)is involved in response cost?

A) ​positive punishment
B) ​negative reinforcement
C) ​negative punishment
D) ​negative punishment and extinction

Question 39

Time-out duration is typically​

A) ​less than 1 minute
B) ​1 to 10 minutes
C) ​10 to 20 minutes
D) ​at least 20 minutes

Question 40

If the problem behavior does not result in a loss of ___________,the time-out procedure will be ineffective.​

Question 41

​Taking a meal away from a child in a response cost procedure is an acceptable strategy.

Question 42

​When should punishment procedures be considered?

Question 43

​Punishment procedures should be one of the first procedures considered to decrease problem behaviors.

Question 44

The "time-in" environment must be more reinforcing than the time-out environment.​

Question 45

​Sitting down and talking with a child to prevent escape from time-out is acceptable.

Question 46

​Define response cost.

Question 47

​Describe exclusionary time-out.

Question 48

​A differential reinforcement procedure should be used with response cost.

Question 49

​Time-out should be brief.

Question 50

​How are response cost,time-out and extinction different?

Question 51

​In response cost,the reinforcer that is lost is sometimes returned to the child after a period of time.

Question 52

​Taking away a child's dessert is an appropriate loss of a reinforcer in a response cost procedure.

Question 53

​Whenever you use time-out,you should always incorporate a reinforcement procedure.

Question 54

​Describe nonexclusionary.

Question 55

​Beth's teacher is frequently putting Beth in the time-out chair at the back of the classroom.While Beth is in time-out,she makes funny faces and noises which make the other children laugh.Beth continues her behaviors that end her up in the time-out chair throughout the day.What might work better to decrease Beth's problem behaviors?

Question 56

​A time-out room should have a lock on the door so the client is unable to escape back to the reinforcing environment.

Question 57

​When is nonexclusionary time-out most likely to be used?