Question 1

What is the basic behavioral principle upon which time-out is based?&#10;A)positive punishment&#10;B)extinction&#10;C)negative punishment&#10;D)negative reinforcement

Accepted Answer

Time-out is based on the principle of negative punishment. It involves removing something desirable (like attention or the opportunity to participate in a preferred activity) in response to unwanted behavior, with the aim of decreasing the likelihood of that behavior occurring in the future.

Question 2

In which type of time-out does the child remain in the room while being removed from access to positive reinforcers?&#10;A)removal time-out&#10;B)exclusionary time-out&#10;C)nonexclusionary time-out&#10;D)sit-in-place time-out

Accepted Answer

Nonexclusionary time-out involves the child remaining in the room but being removed from access to positive reinforcers, without being physically isolated from others.

Question 3

Time-out is short for:&#10;A)time-out from positive reinforcement&#10;B)time-out for problem reduction&#10;C)time-out punishment&#10;D)time-out is not short for anything

Accepted Answer

Time-out is a form of punishment used in behavior modification that involves removing a person from a positive reinforcement situation. It is not intended to reduce a specific problem behavior, but rather to give the person a break from the reinforcing environment.

Question 4

Johnny hit his sister and as a result,his mother said he could not watch TV for the rest of the day.What procedure is illustrated in this example?&#10;A)exclusionary time-out&#10;B)nonexclusionary time-out&#10;C)response cost&#10;D)extinction

Accepted Answer

Response cost involves the removal of a positive reinforcer after a behavior has occurred, which in this case is Johnny losing his privilege to watch TV as a consequence of hitting his sister.

Question 5

Johnny hit his sister while they were playing and as a result,his mother made him sit in a chair in the guest bedroom by himself for 5 minutes.What procedure is illustrated in this example?&#10;A)exclusionary time-out&#10;B)nonexclusionary time-out&#10;C)response cost&#10;D)extinction

Accepted Answer

Exclusionary time-out involves removing the individual from the environment where the undesired behavior occurred, which is what happened when Johnny was made to sit alone in the guest bedroom.

Question 6

________________ is defined as the removal of a specified amount of a reinforcer contingent on the occurrence of the problem behavior?&#10;A)time-out&#10;B)extinction&#10;C)response cost&#10;D)response effort

Accepted Answer

Response cost is a procedure in which a specified amount of a reinforcer is removed after the occurrence of the problem behavior. This reduces the future occurrence of the behavior because it is no longer reinforced. Time-out is the removal of access to reinforcers for a specified time period, which may or may not be related to the problem behavior. Extinction is the discontinuation of reinforcement for the problem behavior, which may lead to an initial increase in the behavior before it decreases. Response effort involves increasing the amount of effort required to engage in the problem behavior, which may also reduce its occurrence.

Question 7

Time-out is appropriate for problem behaviors maintained by:&#10;A)positive reinforcement&#10;B)negative reinforcement&#10;C)automatic reinforcement&#10;D)all of these

Accepted Answer

Time-out is effective for behaviors maintained by positive reinforcement because it involves removing access to the reinforcing stimuli, thereby reducing the likelihood of the behavior occurring again.

Question 8

______________________ procedures are usually not the first choice of interventions for decreasing problem behaviors:&#10;A)antecedent control&#10;B)differential reinforcement&#10;C)punishment&#10;D)extinction

Accepted Answer

Punishment procedures are typically not the first choice for decreasing problem behaviors because they can have negative side effects, do not teach alternative behaviors, and their effectiveness may decrease over time without teaching new skills.

Deck 17: Using Punishment: Time-Out and Response Cost